安顺市城郊零散蔬菜重金属含量分析及健康风险评价

发布时间：2019-04-20 09:56

【摘要】：目的对安顺市城郊零散蔬菜中重金属的含量进行检测分析,评价重金属经蔬菜途径摄入的健康风险。方法对安顺市城郊零散蔬菜有代表的5个点27种蔬菜用火焰原子吸收光谱法、石墨炉分光光谱法及原子荧光光谱法进行铅、砷、铬、镉、铜元素含量测定,采用国家卫生标准限值计算单项污染指数和综合污染指数评价蔬菜重金属污染状况,并参照国际放射防护委员会(ICRP International Commission on Radiological Protection)给出的限定值为标准对安顺市居民因摄入含铅、砷、铬、镉、铜蔬菜引起的健康风险进行评价。结果 As、Cu含量均低于国家限定值(GB14935-2012),部分Pb、Cd、Cr含量超出国家限定值,Pb为主要污染元素。安顺市郊区部分零散蔬菜受到轻度污染,以鳞茎类蔬菜为主。重金属污染的健康危害平均个人年风险(a-1)中:化学致癌物镉(Cd)、砷(As)、铬(Cr)分别为1.28×10-8、7.72×10-9、2.80×10-7;化学非致癌物中铅(Pb)、铜(Cu)分别为7.45×10-9、1.01×10-8,均低于国际放射防护委员会ICPR标准5.0×10-5。结论安顺市居民经本土蔬菜途径摄入重金属引起的人体健康风险较低,不会对暴露人群构成明显的危害。
[Abstract]:Aim to detect and analyze the contents of heavy metals in scattered vegetables in the suburbs of Anshun and evaluate the health risk of heavy metals ingestion through vegetable pathway. Methods the contents of lead, arsenic, chromium, cadmium and copper were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry, graphite furnace spectrometric method and atomic fluorescence spectrometry for 27 kinds of vegetables represented by scattered vegetables in the suburb of Anshun city, and the contents of lead, arsenic, chromium, cadmium and copper were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry, graphite furnace spectrophotometry and atomic fluorescence spectrometry. The pollution status of heavy metals in vegetables was evaluated by calculating the single pollution index and the comprehensive pollution index using the national health standard limit value. The health risk caused by ingestion of vegetables containing lead, arsenic, chromium, cadmium and copper was evaluated in Anshun city by referring to the limit value given by the International Radiological Protection Commission (ICRP International Commission on Radiological Protection). Results the content of As,Cu was lower than the national limit value (GB14935-2012), and some of the Pb,Cd,Cr content exceeded the national limit value. Pb was the main pollution element. Some scattered vegetables in the suburbs of Anshun were slightly polluted, mainly bulb vegetables. The average personal annual risk of health hazards caused by heavy metal pollution (a): chemical carcinogens CD-(Cd),-arsenic-(As),-Cr-(Cr) were 1.28 脳 10 ~ (8), 7.72 脳 10 ~ (9) and 2.80 脳 10 ~ (7), respectively. The Pb-(Pb),-Cu-(Cu) values in chemical non-carcinogens were 7.45 脳 10 ~ (9) and 1.01 脳 10 ~ (- 8) respectively, which were lower than those of ICPR standard 5.0 脳 10 ~ (- 5). Conclusion the risk of human health caused by heavy metal ingestion through local vegetable in Anshun city is low, and it will not cause obvious harm to exposed population.
【作者单位】：安顺市疾病预防控制中心;安顺学院;
【基金】：市级科技计划项目基金项目,安市科合[2013(8)号]
【分类号】：R155.5

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