氯气职业危害防护导则研制

发布时间：2019-05-11 16:39

【摘要】：目的为规范氯气在生产、运输、储存、使用等过程，预防其中对劳动者产生危害，，减少恶性事故的发生，制定《氯气职业危害防护导则》。方法 1、文献查阅通过查阅国内外有关法律法规及标准，对有关法律法规及标准资料进行分析，整合，系统分析国内外有关氯气职业中毒案例。 2、现场调研选择具有代表性的企业：湖北楚源化工股份有限公司、湖北宜化化工股份有限公司进行现场调研及现场劳动卫生学调查，并通过与安全技术人员和氯气作业人员进行座谈和现场实地调查，了解中毒发生的主要原因及预防措施。结果 1、通过文献调研发现，我国目前虽有大量涉氯的行业或国家标准，但规定内容较片面，有的标准与标准之间存在交叉，均不能完整、系统地为整个涉氯行业提供防护规范。 2、通过现场调研，发现主要存在以下几个问题：①液氯灌存在生锈现象；②洗眼器设置简陋，且位置不合理；③个体防护装备不规范，摆放位置不合理；④液氯罐摆放不符合规范；⑤没有完整的应急规范。 3、结合相关法律法规、标准及文献和现场调研结果制定了《氯气职业危害防护导则》。结论通过制定《氯气职业危害防护导则》，规范职业活动中氯气职业危害的预防与控制措施，提高液氯生产与使用企业的事故预防能力和氯气泄漏突发事件的应对能力，为卫生、安监、消防等部门提供日常管理及执法依据。同时对卫生应急救援中医疗设备与人员行动要求等提供参考规范。
[Abstract]:Objective in order to standardize the process of production, transportation, storage and use of chlorine gas, to prevent the harm to workers, to reduce the occurrence of malignant accidents, and to formulate the guidelines for the Protection of Occupational hazards of chlorine Gas. Methods 1. Through consulting the relevant laws and regulations and standards at home and abroad, the relevant laws, regulations and standards were analyzed, integrated, and the cases of occupational chlorine poisoning at home and abroad were systematically analyzed. 2. On-site investigation and selection of representative enterprises: Hubei Chuyuan Chemical Co., Ltd., Hubei Yihua Chemical Co., Ltd., to carry out on-site investigation and field labor hygiene investigation, Through discussions with safety technicians and chlorine operators and field investigation, the main causes of poisoning and preventive measures were understood. Results 1. Through literature investigation, it is found that although there are a large number of chlorine-related industries or national standards in China at present, the contents of the regulations are one-sided, some standards and standards are intersected, and all of them can not be complete. Systematically provide protective specifications for the whole chlorine-related industry. 2. Through the field investigation, it is found that there are the following problems: (1) the rust phenomenon exists in liquid chlorine irrigation, (2) the setting of eye washers is simple and the position is unreasonable, (3) the individual protective equipment is not standardized and the position is unreasonable. 4 liquid chlorine tank placement does not conform to the specification; 5 there is no complete emergency code. 3.According to the relevant laws, regulations, standards, literature and field investigation results, the guidelines for occupational hazard protection of chlorine gas have been worked out. Conclusion by formulating the guidelines for the Protection of chlorine Occupational hazards, the prevention and control measures of chlorine occupational hazards in occupational activities are standardized, and the accident prevention ability of liquid chlorine production and use enterprises and the ability to deal with chlorine leakage emergencies are improved. Provide daily management and law enforcement basis for health, safety supervision, fire control and other departments. At the same time, it provides reference norms for medical equipment and personnel action requirements in health emergency rescue.
【学位授予单位】：武汉科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R13

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