上海素食人群构成及素食者健康和饮食行为调查

发布时间：2019-06-10 15:19

【摘要】：目的了解上海市素食流行状况以及素食人群的素食观念、健康和饮食相关行为。方法采用分层分阶段随机抽样方法,对4 004名上海市居民进行是否素食及素食类型的问卷调查。对473名在素食餐厅就餐的素食者进行了食素相关问题的问卷调查,其中的274人完成了营养和健康知识、态度和饮食相关行为问卷。结果上海市居民中,素食者占0.77%(奶素:0.45%,全素:0.12%),平均年龄65.0岁,女性占74.2%。473名素食者中,食素的主要原因是宗教信仰(49.3%)和健康(31.3%)。70.2%的人具有大专及以上学历。全素者中佛教徒较多,蛋奶素中大专及以上学历所占比例显著高于全素者。274名素食者中,关注自身健康和膳食状况者分别占76.5%和66.8%;67.5%的人认为自身健康状况良好。70.4%的全素者认为素食不会导致营养素缺乏,显著高于蛋奶素者中的比例(58.3%)。素食者常吃粗粮、豆制品、坚果和较多蔬菜者分别占52.7%、66.8%、36.9%和85.8%,经常服用营养补充剂者仅占5.9%。结论上海市居民中素食人群占0.77%。宗教信仰和追求健康是食素的两大主要原因;素食者对自身饮食和健康较为关注,倾向于摄入较多健康食品;对素食饮食较为自信,但对素食易造成某些营养素缺乏的问题认识不足。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the prevalence of vegetarian food in Shanghai and the vegetarian concept, health and diet related behavior of vegetarian population. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 4 004 Shanghai residents on vegetarian and vegetarian types by stratified and phased random sampling. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 473 vegetarians who ate in vegetarian restaurants, of which 274 completed the questionnaire on nutrition and health knowledge, attitude and diet-related behavior. Results among the residents in Shanghai, 0.77% (milk: 0.45%, 0. 12%) were vegetarians, the average age was 65.0 years old, and the average age was 74.2%. Of the 473 vegetarians, The main reasons for vegetarian intake were religious belief (49.3%) and health (31.3%). 70.2% of the people had a college degree or above. There were more Buddhists in the whole vegetarian group, and the proportion of college education and above in egg milk was significantly higher than that in the whole vegetarian group. 76.5% and 66.8% of the 274 vegetarians were concerned about their own health and dietary status, respectively. 67.5% of the people thought they were in good health. 70.4% of the total vegetarians thought that vegetarianism did not lead to nutrient deficiency, which was significantly higher than that of egg milk (58.3%). Vegetarians often ate crude grain, soybean products, nuts and more vegetables in 52.7%, 66.8%, 36.9% and 85.8%, respectively, and only 5.9% took nutritional supplements regularly. Conclusion the vegetarian population in Shanghai accounted for 0.77%. Religious belief and the pursuit of health are the two main reasons for vegetarians, vegetarians pay more attention to their own diet and health, and tend to eat more healthy food. More confident about vegetarian diet, but lack of understanding of vegetarianism is easy to cause some nutrient deficiencies.
【作者单位】：上海交通大学附属新华医院;上海交通大学医学院营养系;上海市疾病预防控制中心;
【基金】：中国红十字会“中国肯德基餐饮健康基金”(2011)
【分类号】：R151.42

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