吉林市2009年-2011年生活饮用水卫生监测

发布时间：2019-06-16 12:24

【摘要】：水是生命之源，是人类赖以生存和发展最重要物质资源之一。生活饮用水安全卫生是衡量社会经济发展和人类生活质量的重要指标，，也是影响人类生命健康的重要因素。目的：通过对2009年-2011年吉林市城市生活饮用水水质的监测，了解吉林市生活饮用水的卫生状况，为保障吉林市人民群众的生活饮用水卫生安全及为有关部门制定科学、有效的监管措施提供依据。方法：按照国家标准《生活饮用水卫生标准》（GB/T5749-2006）的方法，在吉林市区选择54个供水点作为监测点，在吉林市农村选择36个监测点。采集水样类型分别为：市政供水水源水、出厂水、末梢水、二次供水；自建水厂的水源水、出厂水、末梢水；乡镇自来水站的出厂水、末梢水；农村分散式供水的井水和农户储水器中的水；农村用水的水源水、出厂水、末梢水。按照国家标准《生活饮用水标准检验方法》（GB/T5750-2006）的要求，检测了微生物、毒理学、感官性状和一般化学及放射性四大类指标35个项目，其中城市生活饮用水水源水、出厂水检测了35个项目，管网末梢水检测了22个项目，对农村生活饮用水井水、水源水、出厂水、末梢水检测了35个项目，对二次供水检测22个项目。采用EXCEL2007建立数据库对检测数据进行分析。结果： 1、2009年-2011年吉林市生活饮用水微生物指标各单项检测项目监测结果 2010年出厂水和末梢水样品中微生物指标的4个项目的合格率均高于80%，但是2009年和2011年末梢水样品中均有两个项目总大肠菌群的合格率和菌落总数的合格率低于80%。井水和水源水样品中微生物指标大肠埃希氏菌的合格率均达到85%以上。2010年和2011年水源水的耐热大肠菌群的合格率分别为87.5%和88.9%。2009年和2010年水源水的菌落总数的合格率均为80%。井水和水源水其余各项目的合格率均低于80%。二次供水样品微生物指标中，2009年和2011年耐热大肠菌群和大肠埃希氏菌分别采集样品1件和2件，合格率均为100%，2011年没有采集样品。2009年-2011年微生物指标其余两项的合格率均高于85%。 2、2009年-2011年吉林市生活饮用水毒理学指标各单项检测项目监测结果井水、水源水、出厂水和末梢水样品中毒理学指标的11个项目的合格率都比较高，合格率接近90%。只有2010年和2011年井水样品的硝酸盐合格率分别为56.1%和67.9%及2010年水源水样品的硝酸盐合格率为76%除外。二次供水样品毒理学指标中，2009年采集样品1件和2010年采集样品2件，11个项目的合格率均为100%，2011年没有采集样品。 3、2009年-2011年吉林市生活饮用水感官性状和一般化学指标各单项检测项目监测结果出厂水样品中感官性状和一般化学指标的18个项目中，除了2011年的色度合格率为59.8%，2009年-2011年的浑浊度合格率分别为75%、65%和61.8%以外，其余各项目合格率均高于80%。水源水、末梢水和二次供水样品中感官性状和一般化学指标的18个项目中，除了色度、浑浊度和耗氧量以外，其余15个项目的合格率均可达到80%以上。其中二次供水样品感官性状和一般化学指标中，铝、铜、锌、氯化物、硫酸盐、溶解性总固体、总硬度、挥发酚类和阴离子合成洗涤剂9个项目中，2009年采集样品1件和2010年采集样品2件，合格率均为100%，2011年没有采集样品。井水样品中感官性状和一般化学指标的18个项目中，除了色度、浑浊度、肉眼可见物、铁、锰和氨氮以外，其余12个项目的合格率均可达到80%以上。 4、2009年-2011年吉林市生活饮用水放射性指标各单项检测项目监测结果 2009年-2011年吉林市生活饮用水所有检测水样总β放射性项目的合格率都达到了100%；总α放射性项目除了2009年出厂水的合格率为96.2%以外，其余水样类型总α放射性项目的合格率也都达到了100%。二次供水样品放射性指标中，2009年采集样品1件和2010年采集样品1件，2个项目的合格率均为100%，2011年没有采集样品。结论： 1.2009年-2011年吉林市生活饮用水放射性指标的合格率近100%，除了2009年合格率为99%。表明该地区的生活饮用水无放射源污染。 2.2009年-2011年吉林市生活饮用水毒理学指标中11个项目有10个项目的合格率比较高，仅硝酸盐1个项的合格率偏低。 3.2009年-2011年吉林市生活饮用水微生物指标中4个项目的出厂水、末梢水、二次供水的合格率均能达到80%左右。但井水、水源水的总大肠菌群、耐热大肠菌群、菌落总数的合格率偏低。 4.2009年-2011年吉林市生活饮用水感官性状和一般化学指标中18个项目中，除色度、浑浊度，耗氧量的合格率偏低外，其余项目的合格率均能达到80%左右，但井水的肉眼可见物、铁、锰、氨氮的合格率均偏低。
[Abstract]:Water is the source of life and is one of the most important material resources for the survival and development of mankind. The safety and health of drinking water is an important index to measure the social and economic development and the quality of human life. It is also an important factor that affects the health of human life. order : By monitoring the water quality of drinking water in the city of Jilin City from 2009 to 2011, the sanitary situation of drinking water in Jilin City is known, so as to guarantee the health and safety of drinking water for people in Jilin City and to formulate scientific and effective supervision measures for relevant departments. for the basis of Method: According to the method of national standard (GB/ T5749-2006),54 water supply points are selected as monitoring points in the city of Jilin City and selected in the rural area of Jilin City. 36 monitoring points are selected. The types of water samples are: municipal water supply source water, delivery water, peripheral water and secondary water supply; water source water, factory water and tip water of the self-built water plant; factory water and peripheral water from the water supply station of the township and town; well water and non-agricultural water in the rural distributed water supply water in a household water reservoir; water source water for rural water, Factory water and peripheral water. According to the requirements of the National Standard Test Method for Drinking Water Standard (GB/ T5750-2006),35 projects of the four major indexes of microorganism, toxicology, sensory and general chemistry and radioactivity were tested, among which, the urban domestic drinking water source water, the factory Thirty-five projects were tested by water, and 22 projects were detected in the water of the end of the pipe network, and 35 projects were tested for the well water, water source, the factory water and the peripheral water of the rural domestic drinking water, and the secondary water 22 items for water supply testing. Number of EXCEL2007 according to the library Analysis of test data. Results:1. Drinking water in Jilin City,2009-2011 The monitoring results of each individual test item of the microorganism index are the microorganism in the factory water and the peripheral water sample in 2010 The qualification rate of 4 items of the index is higher than 80%, but there are two project total coliform in the end water samples in 2009 and 2011 The qualified rate of the qualified rate and the total number of the colonies is lower than 80%. The qualified rate of the microorganism index E. coli in the well water and the water source water sample is above 85%. The qualified rate of the heat-resistant coliform bacteria in the water source water in 2010 and 2011 is 87.5% and 88.9%, respectively. In 2009 and 201, the qualified rate of the heat-resistant coliform bacteria in the water source water is 87.5% and 88.9%, respectively. The qualified rate of the total number of colonies in the water source water of 0 years is 80%. The well water and the qualified rate of the remaining products of the water and the water source water is lower than 80 percent. In the secondary water supply sample microbial index, the heat-resistant coliform bacteria and the Escherichia coli in 2009 and 2011 respectively collect the samples 1 and 2, the qualified rate is 100 percent, and the sample is not collected in 2011. In 2009-201, The qualified rate of the remaining two of the 1-year microbial index is higher than 85%.2,2009-2011 The toxicology indicators of the drinking water in Jilin City are used to detect the toxicology of well water, water source water, delivery water and peripheral water sample for each single item. The qualified rate of the 11 items of the index is high and the qualified rate is close to 90%. Only the qualified rate of nitrate in the well water samples in 2010 and 2011 is 56.1% and 67.9, respectively. The qualified rate of nitrate in the water source samples in% and 2010 was 76%. In the toxicology index of the secondary water supply samples,1 and 2 samples were collected in 2009. The qualified rate of 11 projects was 100%, no samples were collected in 2011.3,2009-2011 The sensory character and general chemical index of the drinking water in Jilin City Among the 18 items of the chemical index, in addition to the qualification rate of 59.8% in 2011, the qualification rate of the turbidity in 2009-2011 is respectively In addition to 75%,65% and 61.8%, the qualified rate of the remaining items is higher than 80%. Among the 18 items of the sensory and general chemical indicators in the water source water, the peripheral water and the secondary water supply sample, in addition to that color, the turbidity and the oxygen consumption, the qualified rate of the remaining 15 items can reach more than 80 percent, wherein, in the sensory and general chemical indexes of the secondary water supply sample, aluminum, copper, zinc, chloride, sulfate, total solubility of the total solid, the total hardness, the volatile phenol and the anion synthetic detergent are in 9 items, Sample 1 in 2009 and In 2010, two samples were collected and the qualified rate was 100%, and no samples were collected in 2011. Among the 18 items of the sensory and general chemical indicators in well water samples, in addition to the color and turbidity, The qualified rate of the remaining 12 items can reach over 80% except for the naked eye, iron, manganese and ammonia nitrogen. 4. Monitoring results of individual test items for drinking water in Jilin City,2009-2011,2009 -The qualified rate of all water samples of all water samples for drinking water in Jilin City in 2011 is 100%; the total radioactive radioactive project is in addition to the delivery water in 2009 In addition to the qualified rate of 96.2%, the qualified rate of the total radioactive water sample of the remaining water samples is 100%. In the radioactive index of the secondary water supply samples, the samples collected in 2009 1 piece and In 2010,1 sample was collected and the qualified rate of 2 items was 100%. No samples were collected in 2011. Conclusion: 1.200 9-2011 radiation of drinking water in Jilin City The qualified rate of sexual indicators is nearly 100%, with the exception of 99% in 2009, indicating that the drinking water in the area has no pollution to radioactive sources.-2011-2011 Among the 11 projects in the drinking water toxicology index in Jilin City, the qualified rate of 10 projects is high, and the qualified rate of only one item of nitrate is low. The factory water and peripheral water of the four projects in the drinking water micro-organism index of Jilin City in 2011, The qualified rate of secondary water supply can reach about 80%. However, the qualified rate of total coliform, heat-resistant coliform and total colony of well water and water source water is low. , in addition to the color, the turbidity, the consumption,
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R123.1

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