甘肃省临夏回族自治州儿童家长免疫规划知信行现状调查

发布时间：2019-06-18 18:44

【摘要】：目的了解临夏州农村儿童家长对免疫规划认知水平、态度、行为及影响因素,为有效干预提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层抽样法对307名0~6岁儿童家长进行KAP问卷调查。结果临夏州儿童家长免疫规划知识总知晓率80.0%,其中知道3种以上疫苗的仅为34.2%,知晓3种以上传染病的为18.6%。总知晓率在不同民族、职业、文化程度、家庭收入及居住地之间差异显著(P0.05或0.01),总得分为(11.78±2.30)分,最低5分,最高16分,及格率为66.8%,满分率为1.6%。Logistic回归分析结果显示,影响儿童家长免疫规划知识的主要因素是文化程度(OR=0.100)、性别(OR=0.292)、民族(OR=0.181)和村医是否经常宣传通知接种疫苗(OR=28.065)。预防接种正确行为形成情况,80.5%家长能经常带孩子去打防疫针,预防接种证携带率为85.0%,村医接种通知率82.1%。儿童家长免疫规划认知态度积极、求知欲望强烈,但相关知识信息来源少,村医是儿童家长获取信息的主要渠道。结论应针对不同的人群制订出不同的宣传策略,开展多种形式的健康教育,强化大众传媒的宣传,加大对农民及文化程度低、少数民族乡村的健康教育力度,提高家长的免疫规划知识知晓率和主动参与率,从而提高疫苗接种率。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the cognitive level, attitude, behavior and influencing factors of parents of rural children in Linxia Prefecture, and to provide evidence for effective intervention. Methods A KAP questionnaire survey was conducted among 307 parents of children aged 0 years and 6 years by multi-stage stratified sampling. Results the total awareness rate of parents' immunization planning knowledge in Linxia was 80.0%. Among them, only 34.2% knew more than three vaccines and 18.6% knew more than three infectious diseases. The total awareness rate was significantly different among different nationalities, occupation, educational level, family income and place of residence (P 0.05 or 0.001). The total score was (11.78 卤2.30), the lowest was 5, the highest was 16, and the pass rate was 66.8%. The results of 1.6%.Logistic regression analysis showed that the main factors affecting the knowledge of parents' immunization planning were educational level (OR=0.100) and gender (OR=0.292). Whether ethnic (OR=0.181) and village doctors often publicize vaccination (OR=28.065). In the formation of correct behavior of vaccination, 80.5% parents could often take their children to get vaccinated injection, the carrying rate of vaccination certificate was 85.0%, and the vaccination notification rate of village doctors was 82.1%. The cognitive attitude of children's parents in immunization planning is positive and the desire for knowledge is strong, but the sources of relevant knowledge and information are few. Village medicine is the main channel for children's parents to obtain information. Conclusion different propaganda strategies should be formulated for different groups of people, various forms of health education should be carried out, the publicity of mass media should be strengthened, the health education of farmers and villages with low educational level should be increased, and the awareness rate and active participation rate of parents' knowledge of immunization planning should be improved, so as to improve the vaccination rate.
【作者单位】：和政县疾病预防控制中心;和政县卫生局;和政县关滩沟卫生院;
【基金】：甘肃省卫生行业科研计划资助项目(GSWST2013-21)
【分类号】：R186

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