大麦芽活性多糖的分离及结构解析
发布时间：2019-06-22 17:26
【摘要】：大麦(Hordeum vulgare L.)为禾本科一年生草本植物大麦的果实，麦芽为发芽的大麦颖果经干燥而成，是一种药食同源性传统中草药。现代医学研究表明，大麦芽具有降血糖、降血脂、抗氧化等作用。 本文以大麦芽为研究材料，对其活性多糖进行如下研究： 1.以四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠为模型，考察大麦芽中水提取物、30%乙醇提取物、70%乙醇提取物、乙酸乙酯提取物的降血糖活性，得出大麦芽水提取物可以显著降低小鼠空腹血糖。对水提取物进一步分离及活性检测，得出大麦芽中可显著降低小鼠空腹血糖的主要成分为粗多糖。 2.以水为提取溶剂，以粗多糖得率为研究指标，研究了大麦芽粗多糖的水提工艺，通过单因素实验得出水提工艺的最佳条件为：提取温度40℃，提取时间3h，提取次数3次，液固比8:1，在此条件下，大麦芽粗多糖的得率为8.90‰。 3.大麦芽粗多糖经DEAE-cellulose、HW-55F、Sephacryl S-400柱层析纯化，分离得到两种大麦芽多糖BP I和BP II。通过Sephadex G-100凝胶柱和高效凝胶渗透色谱法鉴定多糖BP I和BP II均为单一组分。 BP I为白色粉末，无甜味，无挥发性，易溶于水，难溶于乙醇、乙醚和丙酮，与苯酚－硫酸试剂反应呈阳性，与碘-碘化钾作用和考马斯亮蓝反应均呈阴性。 BP II为略带棕色的白色粉末，，无甜味，无挥发性，易溶于水，难溶于乙醇、乙醚和丙酮，与苯酚－硫酸试剂反应呈阳性，与碘-碘化钾作用和考马斯亮蓝反应均呈阴性。 4.高效凝胶渗透色谱测定多糖BP I和BP II的平均分子量，分别约为1.33×10~4和1.04×10~4；气相色谱分析表明多糖BP I和BP II均为均一多糖；BP I单糖与标准单糖的保留时间皆不一致，BP II的单糖组成只含有半乳糖。采用~1H-NMR、~(13)C-NMR、~(135)DEPT-NMR谱图分析，明确其糖基种类、连接方式以及其他结构特点。 BP I由呋喃葡萄糖组成，呋喃葡萄糖分子以1→3键相连，α和β构型交替出现，无侧链。 BP II为半乳糖分子以1→4键相连形成主链，另有一个半乳糖分子连在主链糖分子的C-6位上，形成侧链。
[Abstract]:Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) It is the fruit of barley, an annual herbaceous plant of Gramineae, and the malt is a kind of traditional Chinese herbal medicine with homology of medicine and food, which is formed by drying the germinated caryopsis of barley. Modern medical research shows that barley bud can reduce blood glucose, blood lipid, antioxidant and so on. In this paper, the active polysaccharides of barley malt were studied as follows: 1. The hypoglycemic activities of water extract, 30% ethanol extract, 70% ethanol extract and ethyl acetate extract in barley malt were investigated in alloxan diabetic mice. The results showed that barley bud water extract could significantly reduce fasting blood glucose in mice. After further isolation and activity detection of water extract, it was concluded that crude polysaccharide was the main component of barley malt that could significantly reduce fasting blood glucose in mice. two銆
本文编号：2504809
[Abstract]:Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) It is the fruit of barley, an annual herbaceous plant of Gramineae, and the malt is a kind of traditional Chinese herbal medicine with homology of medicine and food, which is formed by drying the germinated caryopsis of barley. Modern medical research shows that barley bud can reduce blood glucose, blood lipid, antioxidant and so on. In this paper, the active polysaccharides of barley malt were studied as follows: 1. The hypoglycemic activities of water extract, 30% ethanol extract, 70% ethanol extract and ethyl acetate extract in barley malt were investigated in alloxan diabetic mice. The results showed that barley bud water extract could significantly reduce fasting blood glucose in mice. After further isolation and activity detection of water extract, it was concluded that crude polysaccharide was the main component of barley malt that could significantly reduce fasting blood glucose in mice. two銆
本文编号：2504809
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