室内游泳池水中三卤甲烷类和卤乙酸类消毒副产物检测及其状况研究

发布时间：2019-06-24 17:55

【摘要】：室内游泳池水的卫生状况关系到游泳群体的身体健康。为控制病原微生物对人群健康的影响,游泳池普遍采用氯化消毒进行游泳池水处理。但在消毒过程中必然形成消毒副产物(Disinfection by products, DBPs)。由于现行的游泳池水卫生管理中并没有把DBPs作为监管指标,因而,很少有研究关注游泳池水中消毒副产物的生成情况。游泳池水中的DBPs包括自来水加氯消毒过程中形成的的DBPs和游泳池水加氯消毒过程中形成的副产物。因此,游泳池水中的加氯消毒副产物比自来水中的加氯消毒副产物的种类更加复杂。加氯消毒是一种简单、经济、有效的消毒方法,广泛应用于生活饮用水和游泳池水的消毒。随着对DBPs有害效应的认识加强,游泳池水中的DBPs有可能纳入游泳池水质监管指标。因此,研究游泳池水中主要DBPs的含量水平对未来制定相应的卫生监管标准具有重要意义。与饮用水加氯消毒产生的DBPs种类类似,尽管游泳池DBPs种类繁多,但游泳池水中主要的DBPs仍为三卤甲烷类DBPs(氯仿、二氯一溴甲烷、一氯二溴甲烷、溴仿)和卤乙酸类DBPs(三氯乙酸、三溴乙酸、一溴二氯乙酸、二溴乙酸、二溴一氯乙酸、一溴乙酸、溴氯乙酸、一氯乙酸、二氯乙酸)。鉴于目前尚无游泳池水中THM4和HAA9等DBPs的检测方法,因此,本研究探讨了游泳池水中挥发性消毒副产物THM4和非挥发性消毒副产物HAA9的检测方法,并实测了室内游泳池水中THM4和HAA9的含量水平。结果表明所建立方法的检测限低、灵敏度高,可以用于游泳池水中THM4和HAA9的检测。室内游泳池水中的THM4类消毒副产物以三氯甲烷为主,表明氯系消毒副产物是主要的消毒副产物。HAA9则以以一溴一氯乙酸为主。室内游泳池水中的三氯甲烷和一溴一氯乙酸含量远高于游泳池的供水水源自来水中的含量水平,也远远超过生活饮用水中该类消毒副产物的限量值,提示游泳池水中消毒副产物对人群的健康风险不容忽视,应尽早建立游泳池水中消毒副产物的限量值,以最大限度地保障人群健康。
[Abstract]:The sanitation of indoor swimming pool water is related to the health of swimming groups. In order to control the influence of pathogenic microorganisms on population health, chlorination disinfection was widely used in swimming pool water treatment. However, (Disinfection by products, DBPs)., a disinfection by-product, must be formed in the process of disinfection. Because DBPs is not used as a regulatory index in the current swimming pool water hygiene management, few studies pay attention to the formation of disinfection by-products in swimming pool water. The DBPs in swimming pool water includes DBPs formed in the process of chlorination disinfection of tap water and by-products formed in the process of chlorination disinfection of swimming pool water. Therefore, the kinds of chlorination disinfection by-products in swimming pool water are more complex than those in tap water. Chlorination disinfection is a simple, economical and effective disinfection method, which is widely used in disinfection of drinking water and swimming pool water. With the increasing understanding of the harmful effects of DBPs, DBPs in swimming pool water may be included in swimming pool water quality supervision index. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the content of DBPs in swimming pool water for the formulation of corresponding hygiene supervision standards in the future. Similar to the types of DBPs produced by chlorination of drinking water, the main DBPs in swimming pool water is trihalomethane DBPs (chloroform, dichlorodibromomethane, bromoform) and haloacetic acid DBPs (trichloroacetic acid, tribromoacetic acid, monobromodichloroacetic acid, dibromomonoacetic acid, bromochloroacetic acid, dichloroacetic acid). In view of the fact that there are no methods for the detection of DBPs such as THM4 and HAA9 in swimming pool water, the detection methods of volatile disinfection by-product THM4 and non-volatile disinfection by-product HAA9 in swimming pool water are discussed, and the contents of THM4 and HAA9 in indoor swimming pool water are measured. The results show that the proposed method has low detection limit and high sensitivity, and can be used for the detection of THM4 and HAA9 in swimming pool water. Trichloromethane is the main by-product of THM4 disinfection in indoor swimming pool water, which indicates that chlorine disinfection by-product is the main disinfection by-product, while HAA9 is dominated by monobromomonochloroacetic acid. The content of trichloromethane and monobromochloroacetic acid in indoor swimming pool water is much higher than that in tap water of swimming pool water supply source, and it also far exceeds the limit value of this kind of disinfection by-product in domestic drinking water. It is suggested that the health risk of disinfection by-product in swimming pool water can not be ignored. The limit value of disinfection by-product in swimming pool water should be established as soon as possible in order to protect the health of the population to the maximum extent.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R126.4

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