浦东新区小学生伤害发生情况及其影响因素分析

发布时间：2019-06-26 09:25

【摘要】：目的探讨上海市浦东新区小学生伤害流行病学特征及其影响因素,为制定伤害的干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用随机分层整群抽样方法对上海市浦东新区6 093名小学生进行伤害问卷调查,回顾过去1年内伤害发生情况,分析其影响因素。结果小学生伤害发生率为22.99%;男生伤害报告发生率(24.86%)高于女生(21.03%),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=12.640,P0.05);不同年龄间伤害发生率及人次发生率差异均无统计学意义(χ~2值分别为2.084,2.972,P值均0.05)。伤害类型主要是跌落、碰撞/挤压伤、锐器伤伤害人次发生率分别为14.21%,7.41%,2.64%;伤害发生主要集中在5月和7—10月,占61.24%;家中、学校是伤害发生高发地点,分别占34.84%,27.11%;受伤主要部位是下肢、手指/脚趾,分别占总伤害人次数的37.93%,21.11%。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析显示,独生子女、在校内与人打架1~2次或≥3次、家长对孩子进行体罚、家长经常与孩子议论伤害事件是伤害发生的危险因素(OR值分别为1.238,1.217,1.381,1.144,1.336,P值均0.01);家长对孩子的学习适当施加压力、经常嘱咐孩子在学校里注意安全能有效预防伤害发生(OR值分别为0.609,0.764,P值均0.01)。结论浦东新区小学生伤害发生率高,应针对跌落等伤害主要类型制定干预措施。父母对伤害问题的关注和对孩子进行安全教育能有效预防伤害的发生。
[Abstract]:Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics and the influencing factors of the injury of primary school students in Pudong New Area of Shanghai, and to provide the scientific basis for the intervention of the injury. Methods The random stratified cluster sampling was used to investigate the injury of 6,093 primary school students in Pudong New District of Shanghai. Results The incidence of injury in primary school students was 22.99%, and the incidence of injury of boys (24.86%) was higher than that of female (21.03%), and the difference was statistically significant (P ~ 2 = 12.640, P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of injury and the rate of person-time (P-2, 2.084, 2.972, P <0.05, respectively). The incidence of injury was 14.21%, 7.41% and 2.64%, respectively. The incidence of injury was mainly in May and July, and was 61.24%. The incidence of injury in home and school was 34.84% and 27.11%, respectively. The main parts of the injury were lower limbs, fingers/ toes, accounting for 37.93% and 21.11% of the total number of injuries, respectively. The multi-factor non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that only the only child, in the school, had a fight for 1 to 2 times or 3 times, and the parents used corporal punishment to the child, and the parents often talk about the injury event with the child as the risk factor (OR value of 1.238, 1.217, 1.381, 1.144, 1.336, P <0.01, respectively); Parents should apply pressure to the children's study, and often instruct the child to pay attention to the safety and effective prevention of injury in the school (OR value is 0.609, 0.764, P <0.01, respectively). Conclusion The incidence of injury of primary school students in Pudong New Area is high, and intervention measures should be developed for the main types of injury such as fall. The parents' attention to the problem of injury and the safety education of the child can effectively prevent the occurrence of injury.
【作者单位】：上海市浦东新区疾病预防控制中心/复旦大学浦东预防医学研究院;
【基金】：上海市浦东新区卫生和计划生育委员会科技发展专项基金资助(PW2014A-5)
【分类号】：R179

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