偏二甲基肼中毒的病理学特点及近远期损伤效应研究

发布时间：2018-04-01 11:17

本文选题：偏二甲基肼　切入点：中毒　出处：《中国危重病急救医学》2004年12期

【摘要】：目的探讨火箭推进剂偏二甲基肼(UDMH)中毒损伤的病理学特点及近期和远期损伤效应。方法 128只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为UDMH近期和远期效应组及相应对照组,每组各8只动物。将动物置于120 L染毒柜内,注入推进剂级液态UDMH,保持染毒柜中UDMH质量浓度为8×10-4g／m3,染毒时间15 min。UDMH近期效应组于染毒后3、6、12、24、48和72 h活杀大鼠;远期效应组染毒后将动物做好标记,喂养1年。行主要器官病理形态学检查以观察UDMH染毒大鼠的近期和远期损伤效应。结果 UDMH近期效应组大鼠主要病理表现为神经系统损伤,以脑水肿为著,表现为神经细胞变性、坏死,神经轴突脱髓鞘、崩解,脑组织水肿,毛细血管扩张、充血;同时肝、肾、肺、心、脾、胃肠、胸腺、血液及骨髓等组织器官均有不同程度损伤。UDMH远期效应组大鼠1年后仍有大脑皮质神经元缺血性改变,丘脑及延髓传导束有出血及液化灶,传导纤维有解离、断裂、粗细不等、迂曲。结论UDMH中毒后2-6 h是伤情最严重的时期,中毒1年后远期损伤效应仍很明显;中枢神经系统是UDMH中毒致伤的最主要靶器官;对UDMH致伤后可能发生的远期损伤效应要进行兼顾和并治。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the pathological characteristics and short- and long-term damage effects of UDMH poisoning in rocket propellant. Methods 128 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into UDMH short-term and long-term effects group and corresponding control group. The animals in each group were placed in 120L exposure cabinet and injected with liquid UDMH. The concentration of UDMH in the container was 8 脳 10 ~ (-4) g / m ~ (-3). In the short-term effect group of 15 min.UDMH, the rats were killed alive at 3 ~ (6) ~ (12) ~ (24) h after exposure. In the long-term effect group, the animals were labeled and fed for 1 year. The pathomorphological examination of the main organs was performed to observe the short-term and long-term injury effects of UDMH in rats. Results the main pathological manifestations of the rats in the UDMH short-term effect group were nervous system injury. Brain edema is characterized by neuronal degeneration, necrosis, axonal demyelination, disintegration, brain tissue edema, capillary dilatation, hyperemia, liver, kidney, lung, heart, spleen, gastrointestinal tract, thymus, liver, kidney, lung, heart, spleen, gastrointestinal tract, thymus, liver, kidney, lung, heart, spleen, gastrointestinal tract, thymus. The long-term effects of UDMH on brain cortex neurons, hemorrhage and liquefaction of thalamus and medulla conduction bundles, dissociation, rupture and thickness of conductive fibers were found in the blood and bone marrow tissues and organs of the rats after 1 year, and there were still ischemic changes in cerebral cortex neurons in the UDMH group after one year, and there were hemorrhage and liquefaction in the thalamic and medulla conduction bundles. Conclusion 2 to 6 hours after UDMH poisoning is the most serious period, the long-term injury effect is still very obvious after 1 year of poisoning, the central nervous system is the main target organ of UDMH poisoning injury. The possible long-term injury effect after UDMH injury should be taken into account and treated.
【作者单位】：解放军第三0六医院特种医学中心解放军军事医学科学院第三军医大学野战外科研究所解放军军事医学科学院第三军医大学野战外科研究所解放军第三0六医院特种医学中心第三军医大学野战外科研究所解放军军事医学科学院解放军军事医学科学院解放军第三0六医院特种医学中心第三军医大学野战外科研究所
【基金】：总装备部卫生局重点指令性攻关课题(200010306)
【分类号】：R85

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