呼吸道正压开放咽鼓管组织张力和通气阻力测量及通气功能探讨

发布时间：2018-09-01 19:48

【摘要】：目的测量咽鼓管通气阻力及维持咽鼓管开放状态的最低压力 ,进而探讨咽鼓管被动开放机制。方法测咽鼓管组织张力 ,共检测 2 4名男性飞行员。ZO 90 1型声阻抗仪测量中耳腔压力。测咽鼓管通气阻力 ,在鼻前孔和外耳道放置气体压力传感器 ,检测外耳道气压变化时的鼻咽部压力作为VRET。飞行验证 1 60耳 ,低压舱验证 60耳。结果咽鼓管通气阻力个体差异较大 ( 1 .2 0～ 6.86kPa)。咽鼓管开放后 ,鼓室腔压力随面罩内压力变化而变化 ;面罩内压力降至近 0 .70kPa ,鼓室腔压力突然降至 0kPa左右 ,个体差异较小。飞行组 1 60耳中 1 9耳有耳气压伤表现 ,1 41耳无气压伤耳 ,差异有高度显著意义 (P0 .0 0 1 )。低压舱组 60耳 ,9耳有耳气压伤表现 ,无气压伤 5 1耳 ,差异有高度显著意义 (P 0 .0 0 1 )。结论经面罩加压可以使咽鼓管被动开放。咽鼓管被动开放后 ,只要 0 .70kPa的压力就能维持其处于开放状态。VRET与耳气压伤的发生高度相关
[Abstract]:Objective to measure the ventilation resistance of eustachian tube and the minimum pressure to maintain the open state of eustachian tube, and to explore the mechanism of passive open eustachian tube. Methods the tissue tension of eustachian tube was measured, and the pressure of middle ear cavity was measured by the acoustic impedance meter of type ZO901 in 24 male pilots. The airway resistance of the eustachian tube was measured, the gas pressure sensor was placed in the anterior nasal foramen and the external auditory canal, and the nasopharyngeal pressure was used as VRET. when the pressure of the external auditory canal was changed. Flight verification 160 ears, low pressure chamber 60 ears. Results the ventilation resistance of eustachian tube was significantly different (12.20 ~ 6.86kPa). After the eustachian tube was opened, the pressure of the tympanic cavity changed with the pressure of the mask, and the pressure of the mask dropped to about 0.70 KPA, and the pressure of the tympanic cavity suddenly decreased to about 0kPa, with little individual difference. Of 160 ears in the flight group, there was no air pressure injury in 19 ears (P 0. 0 01), and there was no air pressure injury in 1 41 ears (P 0. 0 01). In the low pressure chamber group, 60 ears had ear pressure injury, 9 ears had ear pressure injury, and 51 ears had no air pressure injury, the difference was significant (P 0. 0 01). Conclusion the eustachian tube can be passively opened by mask compression. After the eustachian tube was passively opened, as long as the pressure of 0.70 KPA could maintain its open state. VRET was highly correlated with the occurrence of ear barotrauma.
【作者单位】：空军九江疗养院空军九江疗养院空军九江疗养院空军九江疗养院空军九江疗养院空军九江疗养院
【分类号】：R856.76

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