论康德伦理学中的道德动机

发布时间：2017-12-28 09:01

本文关键词：论康德伦理学中的道德动机　出处：《华中科技大学学报(社会科学版)》2017年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：康德对动机内涵的论述,是围绕其道德动机论的意图展开的。这一意图在于证明道德原则的主观有效性,进而证明道德的实在性。在康德这里,道德行为的动机指客观的道德法则和主观上对其敬重的道德感。人们敬重道德法则,才能把它作为自己的准则。人类有两种自然偏好:自爱和自大。道德法则通过作用于人们的心灵,限制自爱,克服自大,显示出它的权威性和优越性,从而使人们对它产生敬重的情感。这也是道德法则对人的心灵产生的主观有效性。敬重的道德感与义务有着密切的关系,既是义务概念形成的主观根据,也是人们被赋予义务的主观根据。
[Abstract]:Kant's discussion of the intension of motivation is based on the intention of his moral motivation theory. This intention is to prove the subjective validity of the moral principles and then to prove the reality of morality. In Kant, the motive of moral behavior refers to the objective moral law and the subjective sense of respect to it. People respect the law of morality so that they can be used as their own standards. Human beings have two natural preferences: self love and arrogance. Moral rule, by acting on people's minds, limiting self love and overcoming arrogance, shows its authority and superiority, so that people can feel respect for it. This is also the subjective validity of the moral law to the human mind. There is a close relationship between the moral sense of respect and the obligation, which is the subjective basis for the formation of the concept of obligation and the subjective basis for the people to be endowed with obligations.
【作者单位】：河北经贸大学马克思主义学院;武汉大学马克思主义学院;中国人民大学伦理学研究基地;
【基金】：中国博士后科学基金第61批面上资助“国际视野下当代中国国家文化形象建构研究”(2017M612519)
【分类号】：B516.31
【正文快照】： 在伦理学界,如何在实践中实现动机和效果的统一是一个老问题,比如人们认同一个道德原则,但在具体的行为中却不践行它;又如人们认同并在行为中应用了一个道德原则,但如何能够保证有一个好的、善的、圆满的或道德的效果。在西方伦理学界,从这一维度给予最大置疑的是康德的道德原

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