论英国文化马克思主义的工人阶级文化研究

发布时间：2018-01-01 10:25

  本文关键词：论英国文化马克思主义的工人阶级文化研究　出处：《华侨大学》2017年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 英国文化马克思主义 工人阶级文化研究 阶级意识 伯明翰学派 意识形态

【摘要】：本文将工人阶级文化研究置于英国文化马克思主义的历史流变之中,并以该问题为核心,梳理了英国文化马克思主义在阶级与阶级意识、文化与意识形态、主体能动性与社会结构性等马克思主义重大问题上的立场和观点,以求在此基础上凸显其理论的特征和价值,探讨其理论的不足和缺陷。从整体来看,英国文化马克思主义的工人阶级文化研究与英国马克思主义的理论发展变化保持了基本的一致性,都经历了一个辩证发展的基本趋势。在早期的工人阶级文化研究中,研究者们从批判经济决定论出发,反对那种无视主体力量、脱离实际的教条化的马克思主义理论,对文化在阶级形成以及斗争中的重要作用予以了经验化的证明,展现了工人阶级文化与大众文化的显著不同与矛盾对立。随着时代形势的变化和早期新左派固有缺陷的日益凸显,英国文化马克思主义进入了结构主义马克思主义的发展阶段,这种理论范式变更对工人阶级文化研究产生了重要影响。自此,工人阶级文化不再被视为工人阶级主体的自发性创造,而是成为了统治阶级意识形态的再现。研究工人阶级文化的原因亦从证明阶级文化的存在到批判作为虚假意识形态的工人阶级文化。在这一阶段,工人阶级文化研究实践主要通过伯明翰学派得以而展开。该学派通过对青年亚文化和媒介问题的分析和探讨,为主体和结构两面的融合做出了有益的探索。20世纪70年代末,这两种理论范式的争论愈演愈烈,论争的双方也都深刻地指出了对方在理解阶级文化问题时的严重不足。在此前提下,英国文化马克思主义开始运用葛兰西的理论对工人阶级文化进行新的分析。这一分析指出,工人阶级文化既非本真意义上的经验表达,也不再是统治阶级意识形态任意宰制的场域,而是在相对稳定的历史阶段中统治阶级与被统治阶级进行斗争的主要方式。与此同时,英国文化马克思主义也遭受着政治上的打压和后现代主义理论的致命冲击,这使工人阶级文化研究呈现出两方面的走向:一方面,研究者们从强调工人阶级文化内部的异质性出发,迅速发展为对阶级文化存在的否认;另一方面,研究者们开始脱离政治经济学的理论框架,从而使文化上的斗争沦落一种“符号游击战”,从而标着英国文化马克思主义在实质上走向了政治上的保守主义。通过将英国文化马克思主义工人阶级文化研究的理论范式与研究实践相结合,本文考察了它在不同历史语境中的变动发展和一以贯之的结构性特征,目的在于从这一研究的理论变迁出发,厘清英国文化马克思主义对马克思主义的承继和发展、倒退和偏离,为我国更好地理解发展马克思主义提供有益的参考和借鉴。
[Abstract]:This paper puts the study of working class culture in the historical evolution of British cultural Marxism, and combs the British cultural Marxism in class and class consciousness, culture and ideology with this issue as the core. In order to highlight the characteristics and value of its theory and to discuss its shortcomings and defects, the main body's initiative and social structure and other major Marxist issues stand and point of view, in order to highlight the characteristics and value of its theory on this basis. The study of working class culture of British cultural Marxism maintains the basic consistency with the development and change of British Marxism theory. In the early study of working class culture, the researchers began from criticizing economic determinism and opposed that kind of disregard for the subject. The dogmatic Marxist theory, which is divorced from reality, has proved empirically the important role of culture in class formation and struggle. It shows the striking difference and contradiction between the working class culture and the popular culture. With the change of the times and the inherent defects of the early New leftists, it is becoming more and more obvious. British cultural Marxism has entered the stage of development of structuralism Marxism, and the change of theoretical paradigm has had an important impact on the study of working class culture. The culture of the working class is no longer regarded as the spontaneous creation of the main body of the working class. The reason for studying the working class culture is from proving the existence of the class culture to criticizing the working class culture as the false ideology. The research practice of working class culture is mainly carried out through the Birmingham School, which analyzes and discusses the subculture and media problems of young people. For the integration of the subject and the structure of the two sides to make a useful exploration. The end of 70s in the 20th century, the two theoretical paradigms of the controversy intensified. The two sides of the controversy also pointed out the other side in the understanding of class and cultural problems in the serious deficiencies. Under this premise. British cultural Marxism began to use Gramsci's theory to make a new analysis of the working class culture, which pointed out that the working class culture is neither the expression of experience in the true sense. Also is no longer the ruling class ideology arbitrary domination field, but in the relatively stable historical stage, the ruling class and the ruling class carries on the struggle, at the same time. British cultural Marxism has also suffered from political repression and the fatal impact of postmodernism theory, which makes the study of working class culture show two trends: on the one hand. In order to emphasize the heterogeneity of the working class culture, the researchers developed rapidly into the denial of the existence of the class culture. On the other hand, the researchers began to break away from the theoretical framework of political economics, so that the cultural struggle was reduced to a "symbolic guerrilla warfare". Thus marks the British cultural Marxism in essence to the political conservatism. By combining the theoretical paradigm of British cultural Marxism working class culture with the research practice. This paper examines its changing development and consistent structural characteristics in different historical contexts, with the aim of starting from the theoretical changes of this study. To clarify the inheritance, development, retrogression and deviation of British cultural Marxism to Marxism provides a useful reference for our country to better understand and develop Marxism.
【学位授予单位】：华侨大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B561.5
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本文编号：1364130