费希特承认理论探要

发布时间：2018-01-01 23:28

本文关键词：费希特承认理论探要　出处：《学习与探索》2017年09期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：如果从费希特的"召唤"概念入手分析其法权理论中的承认理论,就会发现,费希特的承认理论以具有行动和自由本性的个体概念为中心,自由个体必须设定自身之外的他者才能实现自身自由的辩证关系以一个由彼此限制和承认他者的自由的个体构成的法权社会为必然结果。在费希特那里,以"召唤"为中介,以自由为核心,意味着个体处于承认关系的中心地位,由个体之间的互相承认建立起来的社会并不作为个体的对立面强行剥夺个体的自由,相反,正是个体赋予社会以一个具有自由效用的行动空间。这就使得个体并不在任何一种情况下丧失自己的自由,即使在最为极端的情况下,个体退出社会,它也依然具有相对意义上的消极自由,这意味着它随时能够作为独立个体又加入社会而不破坏社会原有的准则。因此,费希特的社会概念更为宽容而符合一种具有平等与自由要义的政治理论。费希特理论中的这个承认模式不同于霍耐特所指出的黑格尔的承认模式,因此对理解和反思承认理论具有重要意义。
[Abstract]:If from Fichte's "call" concept analysis theory of recognition, will find the right theory, Fichte's theory has to admit the concept of individual action and free nature of the freedom of the individual as the center, must set itself in order to achieve other dialectical relationship between the inevitable result of their freedom to a mutual restriction and recognize the other the freedom of the individual right of social. In Fichte, to "call" as an intermediary, to freedom as the core, means that the individual in the center of the relationship between the recognition, by the individual mutual recognition of the society is not established as an individual opposite to deprive the individual freedom, instead, it is given the individual the society with a free utility action space. This makes the individual is not in any case lose their freedom, even in the most extreme cases, a Quit society, it still has negative freedom in relative terms, this means that it can also join society as an independent individual and does not destroy the original social criterion. Therefore, Fichte's social concept is more tolerant and with a meaning of equality and freedom of political theory. This model admits in Fichte theory the mode of recognition is pointed out in different Honneth's Hagel, so to understand and reflect that it is of great significance in theory.

【作者单位】：南开大学哲学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金重大项目“马克思主义哲学与德国古典哲学的比较与汇通研究”(16ZD097)
【分类号】：B516.33
【正文快照】： 承认理论是当下学界的热门话题。在讨论这一理论的历史渊源时,人们多将之从霍耐特追溯到黑格尔早年有关学说,但却往往略过了费希特这一真正的起始源头。即便一些论者从黑格尔顺便追溯到费希特有关理论,但也多是从黑格尔眼中去看的,而这就不免扭曲了费希特的理论。因此,很有必

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