现代个体权利与儒家传统中的“个体”

发布时间：2018-01-10 12:15

本文关键词：现代个体权利与儒家传统中的“个体”　出处：《文史哲》2017年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：个体之于现代社会具有根基性意义。个体自由概念在历史上发展出了个体权利和个体自律双重意义。尊重个体权利是现代社会的基石,但个体权利的扩张亦会延伸出个体本位的消极后果,在西方社会,这需要西方文化传统的制衡,并辅以道德性的个体自律思想的建立。儒家传统缺少作为现代社会之基础的非道德性的个体权利观念,儒家传统与现代社会的结合点并不在于重视个体权利,而在于儒家心性之学传统中的个体自律思想。在近代中国社会,个体自律的思想反复使知识分子从重视个体权利滑向整体主义,从而使得个体权利的观念始终没有在现代中国真正建立起来。从本质上讲,重视个体权利的现代社会大前提一旦在现代中国确立,则儒家传统中的个体自律意识反而会在现代中国更有生命力,从而成为抵御个体主义消极后果的利器。
[Abstract]:The concept of individual freedom has developed the dual meaning of individual right and individual self-discipline in history. Respecting individual rights is the foundation stone of modern society. However, the expansion of individual rights will also extend the negative consequences of individualism. In western society, it needs the checks and balances of western cultural tradition. The Confucian tradition lacks the non-moral individual right concept which is the foundation of modern society. The combination of Confucian tradition and modern society does not lie in attaching importance to individual rights. In modern Chinese society, the thought of individual self-discipline has repeatedly caused intellectuals to shift from attaching importance to individual rights to integralism. So that the concept of individual rights has not been really established in modern China. In essence, the premise of the modern society to attach importance to individual rights has been established in modern China. On the contrary, the individual self-discipline consciousness in the Confucian tradition will have more vitality in modern China, thus becoming a sharp weapon to resist the negative consequences of individualism.
【作者单位】：复旦大学哲学学院;
【分类号】：B222
【正文快照】： 在论述儒家如何融入现代社会时,有一个问题始终是绕不过去的,那就是儒家如何面对现代“个体”概念,尤其是现代的“个体权利”意识。对此,无论是钱穆、余英时,还是牟宗三、李明辉,甚至狄百瑞,都试图论证儒家传统与现代“个体”意识是相一致的。确实,传统的“修身”很容易按照现

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