被误读的与被误解的:中国语境中的伯林

发布时间：2018-01-13 08:04

本文关键词：被误读的与被误解的:中国语境中的伯林　出处：《天府新论》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：在中国语境中,伯林的被误读与被误解现象主要有四种。第一,消极自由被误解为不做什么的自由。而实际上,消极自由不是不做什么的自由,而是没有外在的人为障碍状态。第二,积极自由被错误地等同于古代人的自由。然而,伯林的积极自由并不一定就是古代人的自由,而古代人的自由则必定属于积极自由的范畴。第三,多元主义被误读为相对主义。但是,在伯林看来,相对主义的核心特征是主观性与不可理解性,而多元主义的核心特征却是客观性与可理解性。第四,多元主义被误认为是自由主义的理论基础。尽管伯林早年认为多元主义是自由主义的基础,然而,晚年却认为多元主义与自由主义没有逻辑关联。
[Abstract]:In Chinese context, there are mainly four kinds of phenomena of Berlin being misread and misunderstood. First, negative freedom is misunderstood as freedom to do nothing. In fact, negative freedom is not freedom not to do anything. Second, positive freedom is wrongly equated with the freedom of ancient people. However, Berlin's positive freedom is not necessarily the freedom of ancient people. Third, pluralism is misinterpreted as relativism. But in Berlin's view, the core characteristic of relativism is subjectivity and incomprehensibility. But the core characteristic of pluralism is objectivity and comprehensibility. 4th, pluralism is mistaken as the theoretical basis of liberalism, although Berlin thought that pluralism was the foundation of liberalism in his early years. In his later years, he believed that pluralism had no logical connection with liberalism.
【作者单位】：华东师范大学思勉人文高等研究院;
【分类号】：B025.9
【正文快照】： 英国政治哲学家斯威夫特(Adam Swift)曾如是说:“如果说罗尔斯的《正义论》是当代政治哲学中最具有影响力的著作,那么,伯林的《两种自由概念》就是最具有影响力的单篇论文。”(1)毫无疑问,《两种自由概念》是20世纪西方思想史中的经典论文,也是伯林毕生最重要的作品。然而,在

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