黑格尔:一个“不情愿”的现代主义者

发布时间：2018-01-25 20:56

本文关键词： 黑格尔哈贝马斯思辨唯心主义现代性两栖人　出处：《上海师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2017年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：黑格尔常常被看作一个理性绝对主义者和思辨哲学家、一个反自由主义的保守思想家。实际上,黑格尔哲学具有鲜明的时代感和批判意识。他明确把人类和个人自由的全面发展视为现代性的理念,并指出其实现的艰巨性和有限性。表面上,黑格尔宣扬思辨神学创世论、历史终结论和国家至上论,其实他是以思辨哲学的语言阐述历史发展到现代阶段,人类理性思考和自由生活的经验和可能性条件。在黑格尔看来,现代世界中主观与客观、普遍与特殊、超越与现实之间的张力具有难以消除的韧性,哲学的意义在于使人意识到现代性的矛盾性质,并以现实的合理方式加以调节。在这个意义上,黑格尔是一个反思的、自我节制的现代主义者。我们生活在一个后乌托邦时代,现代性矛盾和复杂性已经充分暴露,任何简单化和绝对化的意识形态都会堵塞现代性的自我更新和改善,黑格尔哲学在这个方面给我们提供了重要的启示。
[Abstract]:Hegel is often regarded as a rational absolutist and speculative philosopher, an anti-liberal conservative thinker. Hegel's philosophy has a distinct sense of times and critical consciousness. He clearly regards the all-round development of human and individual freedom as the concept of modernity, and points out the difficulty and limitation of its realization. Hegel preaches speculative theology, historical termination and national supremacy. In fact, he expounds the development of history to the modern stage in the language of speculative philosophy. In the view of Hegel, the tension between subjectivity and objectivity, universality and particularity, transcendence and reality in the modern world is inextricably tenacity. The significance of philosophy is to make people aware of the contradictory nature of modernity and to adjust it in a reasonable way. In this sense Hegel is a rethinking. We live in a post-utopian era in which the contradictions and complexities of modernity have been fully exposed. Any simplistic and absolute ideology will block the self-renewal and improvement of modernity. Hegel's philosophy provides us with important enlightenment in this respect.
【作者单位】：复旦大学哲学学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金重大项目“复杂现代性与中国发展之道”(15ZDB013)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：B516.35
【正文快照】： 西拉·本哈比曾把汉娜·阿伦特称为一个不情愿的(reluctant)现代主义者,因为对阿伦特来说,“现代性不是一个严丝合缝的历史发展,而是充满矛盾的过程”,[1](P.xxvi)然而她又不屈不挠地在其自身中寻找解决矛盾的资源和条件。在某种意义上,我们也可以把黑格尔称为一个不情愿的现

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