齐美尔生命价值理论研究

发布时间：2018-01-27 05:50

本文关键词： 生命货币文化危机体验身体　出处：《西南大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在货币经济成熟以后,货币成为衡量一切事物的标准,包括传统认为的不可衡量和计算的东西。它在现当代社会,抹除了事物的差别;它改变了人的社会关系,疏远了传统社会人与人之间的情感维度,于是,它从方式变为目的。货币在给人类带来便利的同时,也带来了意义危机与价值危机。尽管它会深远的影响人类社会的组织,但齐美尔还是坚持认为,金钱无法成为也不应该成为最终价值,而只是一种桥梁。齐美尔独特的生命哲学在此起着内核和基础的作用,使他的理论呈现为一种主观的价值论,而这才是其货币理论的核心。而从生命的视角来观察齐美尔的货币哲学,会发现诸多不同于传统所认知的东西:个体社会化的生命理论。在叔本华和尼采生命理论的基础上,齐美尔形成了自己独特的生命哲学。他的生命哲学重点在道德生命,尤其是精神生命的永恒活力,强调对躯体的超越。在他看来,人的行为应该超越下意识调整的身体范围,尽管这会付出合目的性的代价。从这一点上来说,他并未完全脱离传统哲学的范畴。货币改变了人类的欲望形式。货币成为衡量一切事物的标准,包括传统认为的不可衡量和计算的东西,它在现代社会,抹除了事物质的差别。本应该只是手段的货币,成为了价值和目的。人类的欲望形式从客观事物变为虚拟之物。人类精神领域中最内在的领域被物化和占领。这是现代社会理性化的代价,却也是基本条件。货币导致的个性解放和生命危机。货币的出现带来了个体化的自我,这种自我的内核来自于个别的意志和感情,从这一角度来说,自由表现为一种关联。这种关联使我们个性得到解放的同时,却只能给人带来负面和消极的自由,让人放纵在诱人的冲动之中。日常生活中的现代性体验。强调身体的后现代主义诸多理论,由于有自己的感性物质基础,所以“体验”的革命或者反抗都要相对容易。然而这一点对于强调形而上学思考和诠释的齐美尔来说,与柏拉图以来的理论一脉相承,认为身体属于应该被超越的对象。这就导致生命与形式的冲突无法通融,陷入永恒的悲剧之中。从生命价值理论到身体社会学。个体的诸多顺应与抗拒行为,对于齐美尔来说只是人们的一种自然反应,并不能有效改变自身的尴尬存在状态。主观文化和客观的文化的划分,是他为个体生命所留下的一扇大门;拥有自身独立性的艺术和身为社会关系超越形式的宗教,是他为生命寻找的突围之路。齐美尔是通过关系来思考生命价值理论,这使他对于货币在当代社会的独特地位、个性的解放与危机、群体的划分、文化危机等问题都有了卓越而有趣的思考;而生命价值理论与身体话语的相通,使其可以成为身体社会学极其有价值的理论资源。
[Abstract]:After the maturity of monetary economy, money becomes the standard to measure everything, including the traditional unmeasurable and calculable thing. It erases the difference of things in modern society; It has changed the social relations of people and alienated the emotional dimension between people in traditional society. Therefore, it has changed from way to purpose. Money brings convenience to human beings at the same time. Despite its profound impact on the organization of human society, Zimmel insists that money cannot and should not be the ultimate value. But it is only a bridge. Zimmer's unique philosophy of life plays the role of core and foundation, making his theory a subjective theory of value. This is the core of his monetary theory, and from the perspective of life to observe Zimmel's monetary philosophy. There are many things different from traditional cognition: the life theory of individual socialization, based on Schopenhauer and Nietzsche's theory of life. Zimmel formed his own unique philosophy of life. His philosophy of life focuses on moral life, especially the eternal vitality of spiritual life, emphasizing the transcendence of the body. Human behavior should go beyond the scope of subconscious adjustment of the body, even though it pays a purposeful price. From this point of view. Money has changed the form of human desire. Money has become the yardstick of everything, including what tradition considers unmeasurable and computable, and it is in modern society. Erase the material difference. It should be just money for the means. The form of human desire has changed from objective things to virtual objects. The most intrinsic field in the field of human spirit has been materialized and occupied. This is the price of rationalizing modern society. But it is also the basic condition. The liberation of personality and the crisis of life caused by money. The emergence of money has brought the individualized self, the core of which comes from individual will and emotion, from this point of view. Freedom is expressed as an association, which liberates our individuality, but only brings us negative and negative freedom. Let people indulge in enticing impulses. The experience of modernity in daily life. Emphasis on the body of post-modernism many theories, due to their own perceptual material basis. So it is relatively easy to experience revolution or revolt, but for Zimmer, who emphasizes metaphysical thinking and interpretation, it is in line with Plato's theory. It is believed that the body belongs to the object that should be transcended, which leads to the conflict between life and form being unable to accommodate and fall into the eternal tragedy. From the theory of life value to the sociology of body, the individual adapts and resists. For Zimmer, it is only a kind of natural reaction of people and can not effectively change his awkward state of existence. The division of subjective culture and objective culture is a door left by him for individual life. Art with its own independence and religion as a transcendent form of social relations are the ways he seeks to break through for life. Zimmer thinks about the theory of life value through the relationship. This makes him have outstanding and interesting thinking about the unique position of currency in the contemporary society, the liberation and crisis of personality, the division of groups, the cultural crisis and so on. The connection between life value theory and body discourse makes it an extremely valuable theoretical resource in body sociology.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B018

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