《淮南子》天人感应思想研究

发布时间：2018-02-08 21:19

本文关键词： 淮南子天人感应精气说春秋繁露　出处：《南京大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：《淮南子》作为汉初黄老学的总结性著作1,处于中国古代学术从先秦子学到汉代经学的转折点上。它的天人感应思想内涵丰富而有特色,广泛吸收了前代各种天人感应论并借助"气"的学说融汇成一个系统。然而其天人感应思想长期以来并未得到学界应有的重视,故比较具有研究价值。绪论中追溯《淮南子》天人感应思想的历史渊源,梳理了中国古代天人感应论从简单、朴素的社会观念到系统化理论化的思想的发展历程。指明天人感应论是中国古代敬天尊天的文化传统的产物,其伦理维度始终大于神学维度。进一步由汉初的思想氛围分析为何"究天人之际"成为了时代主题,以及为何《淮南子》的天人感应论足以称为一种"思想"。第一章对《淮南子》天人感应思想的内涵进行了系统的梳理。本文将《淮南子》的"气化宇宙论" 视为其天人感应思想得以成立的基础,以"精气说"作为《淮南子》天人感应思想成立的关键,以"道德论"作为《淮南子》天人感应思想的价值旨归。第二章分析了《淮南子》天人感应思想的特质。指出其最大特点是立足于道家天人之学的大框架来吸收融汇各种天人感应论,这一点体现了汉初黄老之学的强大包容性。其次,本文探究了《淮南子》天人哲学中"天"与"道"的确切关系,从而指明其天人感应论乃是道主导和规定下的天人感应论,这一点可与董仲舒的天人感应思想作对比。最后,本文强调《淮南子》的天人感应思想基本贯彻了其气化论的立场,并肯定其文本中体现的自然主义态度和存疑精神。第三章关注《淮南子》天人感应思想的历史地位和现代评价问题。指明现代学者对古代天人感应思想的研究基本指向董仲舒而极少关注《淮南子》,是由于对汉代思想的简单化概念化处理。通过与董仲舒的天人感应思想进行对比研究,指出二者精神主旨的巨大不同,以突出《淮南子》天人感应思想的独特价值和历史地位。在现代评价问题上,本文强调要从学界对古代天人感应论的某些固有印象中跳出来,要把握《淮南子》天人感应思想中主导性的特点,并充分理解其"以事论道"的表达习惯,以及带着存疑精神去审视其人文价值和科学价值。本文以中国古代天人之学的发展为背景,梳理了《淮南子》天人感应思想的内涵、特质和历史地位。一方面注意《淮南子》与先秦学术的关系,挖掘其天人感应说的思想渊源,尤其重视其所受老庄道家和黄老道家之影响。另一方面注意汉初思想界之氛围,并把大约同时代的《淮南子》与董仲舒的天人感应思想进行比较研究。本文不重在批判,而强调同情地理解,以尽量还原其思想的本来面目。
[Abstract]:Huainan Zi, as a summative work of Huang-Lao School in the early Han Dynasty, is at the turning point of ancient Chinese learning from the pre-Qin Dynasty to the Han Dynasty. The theory of "Qi" has been merged into a system by absorbing all kinds of theory of induction of Heaven and Man of the previous generation. However, the thought of "Induction of Heaven and Man" has not been paid the attention that the academic circles should pay attention to for a long time. Therefore, the comparison has the research value. In the introduction, tracing back to the historical origin of the thought of "Tianren Induction" in "Huainan Zi", combing the ancient Chinese theory of "the Induction of Heaven and Man" from the simple, The development course from simple social concept to systematized theorized thought. It is pointed out that the theory of human and heaven induction is the product of the cultural tradition of respecting heaven and respecting heaven in ancient China. Its ethical dimension is always larger than theological dimension. Further analysis of the ideological atmosphere in the early Han Dynasty why "studying the time of Heaven and Man" has become the theme of the times. And why Huainan Zi's theory of human and heaven induction is enough to be called a kind of "thought". The first chapter systematically combs the connotation of "Huainan Zi" 's theory of human and heaven induction. In this paper, "Gasification Cosmology" of "Huainan Zi" is regarded as "Gasification Cosmology". The foundation on which his thoughts of heavenly and human induction were founded, Taking "Qi of essence" as the key to the establishment of the idea of "feeling between Heaven and Man" in "Huainan Zi", Taking "moral theory" as the value purport of "Huainan Zi", the second chapter analyzes the characteristics of "Huainan Zi" "Heaven and Human Inductive thought", and points out that its biggest characteristic is to absorb it based on the big frame of Taoism's study of Heaven and Man. Fusion of various theories of Induction between Heaven and Man, Secondly, this paper explores the exact relationship between "Heaven" and "Tao" in the philosophy of Heaven and Man in Huainan Zi, and points out that the theory of Heaven and Human Induction is the theory of Heaven and Human Induction under the guidance and stipulation of Tao. This point can be compared with Dong Zhongshu's theory of human and heaven induction. Finally, this paper emphasizes that the "Huainan son" 's theory of "human and heaven induction" basically carries out its position of "Gasification Theory". The third chapter focuses on the historical status and modern evaluation of the thought of "Huainan Zi", and points out the basis of the research on the ancient thought of "the induction of Heaven and Man" by modern scholars. This article points to Dong Zhongshu and pays little attention to Huainan Zi, because of the simplified conceptualization of Han Dynasty thoughts. It is pointed out that there is a great difference between the two spiritual gist in order to highlight the unique value and historical status of the idea of the induction of Heaven and Man. On the issue of modern evaluation, this paper emphasizes that we should jump out of some inherent impressions of the ancient theory of the induction of Heaven and Man in academic circles. It is necessary to grasp the dominant characteristics of the "Huainan Zi" thought of human induction, and to fully understand its expression habits of "discussing the Tao by matter". And to examine its humanistic value and scientific value with the spirit of doubt. This paper, based on the development of the study of Heaven and Man in ancient China, combs the connotation of "Huainan Zi" the thought of Heaven and Man Induction. On the one hand, we should pay attention to the relationship between Huainan Zi and the pre-Qin academic, dig out the ideological origin of his theory of human and nature induction, and pay particular attention to the influence of the Taoists of Laozhuang and Huanglao Taoism on the other hand, and pay attention to the atmosphere of the ideological circle in the early Han Dynasty on the other hand. A comparative study of the thoughts of "Huainan Zi" and Dong Zhongshu about the same era is made. This paper emphasizes understanding sympathetically rather than criticizing it, in order to restore the true nature of his thought as far as possible.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B234.4

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