布洛赫新形而上学精神及其对当代中国的启示

发布时间：2018-02-11 20:52

本文关键词： 形而上学新形而上学精神中国梦　出处：《西安科技大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在社会主义市场经济飞速发展的背景下,社会物质财富急剧增长,人们的物质文化生活水平普遍提高,但人们的精神财富并没有同比增长。现代人的思想以及我们所处的社会环境都发生了深刻的变化,随着物质文化生活水平的不断提高,现代人所面临的诱惑和挑战也纷繁复杂,技术理性膨胀,价值理性的缺失,社会环境被一种浮躁的气氛所笼罩,精神问题也日益凸显。在这样的环境背景下,重提形而上学的新的价值就显得尤为重要。布洛赫新形而上学精神旨在激发人内在的潜能、趋向,在整个世界寻觅可能性。布洛赫认为新形而上学精神沉睡于我们每个人的内心深处,是我们的存在的超越维度。我们每个人都应该致力于唤醒内心深处的新形而上学精神,借助乌托邦热情不断地批判和超越现存,实现一个更美好生活的梦。本文首先探索了形而上学概念在中西方哲学中的演变,最早的形而上学主要以经验以外的对象为研究对象的。之后康德又从认识论的角度重新界定形而上学,认为形而上学是关于一切先天知识的原理、范围和界限的学问;其次分析了布洛赫新形而上学精神不再是纯粹实体性的,它是主体性的—伦理的形而上学。也就是说,它以我们的存在本身为依据,又具有实体性的伦理内容。布洛赫新形而上学精神强调意识的批判性与超越性,对后来法兰克福学派等思想家都产生了深刻的影响;我国目前正处于社会转型时期,为了解决当前的精神危机我们同样需要研究新形而上学精神,帮助人们改变对工具理性的追求,思考人生的命运和社会责任,追求人作为价值主体的超越性和创造性,探索布洛赫新形而上学精神对当代中国发展的启示。
[Abstract]:Against the background of the rapid development of the socialist market economy, the material wealth of the society has increased rapidly, and people's material and cultural living standards have generally improved. However, people's spiritual wealth has not increased year on year. The thoughts of modern people and the social environment in which we live have undergone profound changes. With the constant improvement of material and cultural living standards, the temptations and challenges faced by modern people are also numerous and complicated. The expansion of technological rationality, the lack of value rationality, the social environment is enveloped by a kind of impetuous atmosphere, and the spiritual problems become increasingly prominent. It is particularly important to mention the new value of metaphysics. Bloch's new metaphysical spirit aims to stimulate the inner potential and tendency of human beings. Looking for possibilities throughout the world. Bloch believes that the new metaphysical spirit lies deep within us and is the transcendental dimension of our existence. Each of us should work to awaken the new metaphysical spirit deep within us. With the help of Utopia's passion to constantly criticize and transcend the extant and realize a dream of a better life, this paper first explores the evolution of metaphysics in Chinese and Western philosophy. After that Kant redefined metaphysics from the perspective of epistemology, thinking that metaphysics was the knowledge of the principle, scope and boundary of all innate knowledge. Secondly, it is analyzed that Bloch's new metaphysical spirit is no longer purely substantive, it is subjective and ethical metaphysics, that is, it is based on our being itself. The new metaphysical spirit of Bloch emphasized the critical and transcendent nature of consciousness, which had a profound influence on thinkers such as the Frankfurt School. At present, China is in a period of social transformation. In order to solve the current spiritual crisis, we also need to study the new metaphysical spirit, to help people change their pursuit of instrumental rationality, to think about the fate and social responsibility of life, and to pursue the transcendence and creativity of human being as the subject of value. To explore the inspiration of Bloch's new metaphysical spirit to the development of contemporary China.
【学位授予单位】：西安科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B081.1

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