清代学人的价值取向与乾嘉考据学的形成

发布时间：2018-03-04 20:49

本文选题：清代学术　切入点：思想史　出处：《哲学研究》2017年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：清代学术思想何以由宋明理学之谈心论性,一变而为考据学?晚清以来的前辈学者多有论究,迄今已形成几种主要的诠释理论,分别从政治、社会和学术自身发展等层面,做了富有启发性的解释。然而,这一学术史公案并未因此而成定论。究其原因,乃在于这些诠释理论更多地侧重从"外缘"的视角进行观察,而对作为思想学术创造主体的思想家、学者的主观能动作用重视不够。其实,自清初至乾嘉,学人之所以群趋于训诂考据一途,其背后实蕴涵着一套信仰和价值系统,即通过考经证史以"明道救世"。因此,对清代学术思想成因的解释,不仅需要关注外缘因素,更应在此基础上深入抉发内缘性因素,方能建构一个自足的解释系统。
[Abstract]:Why did the academic thought of Qing Dynasty change from the talking and discussing nature of Song Ming's Neo-Confucianism to textual research? Since the late Qing Dynasty, scholars of the older generation have made a lot of research. So far, several main theories of interpretation have been formed, which have made enlightening explanations from the political, social and academic aspects of their own development. However, This case of academic history has not come to a conclusion. The reason lies in the fact that these hermeneutical theories focus more on observing from the perspective of "outer edge", and on the thinkers who are the subject of ideological and academic creation. In fact, from the beginning of the Qing Dynasty to Qianjia, the reason why the scholars tend to go through the textual research of exegesis contains a set of belief and value system, that is, "saving the world from the Ming Road" by examining the history of the classics. To explain the causes of academic thought in Qing Dynasty, we should not only pay attention to the external factors, but also develop the inner edge factors on this basis, so that we can construct a self-sufficient explanation system.
【作者单位】：中南民族大学民族学与社会学学院历史系;中国社会科学院历史研究所;
【基金】：国家社科基金项目“满汉文化整合与明代遗民的变迁研究”(编号12BZS035)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：B249

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