人的文化生成

发布时间：2018-03-13 12:04

本文选题：人　切入点：文化　出处：《北京交通大学》2017年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：人的问题是一个古老而又常新的问题,也是哲学探究的最高目标。人的自我认识,既是人类形上致思本性和情结的体现,也是我们前进的起点。人是唯一一个具有意识和自我意识的存在,是一个需要建构的存在,也是一个经常迷失的存在,人类是否对自己有个清醒和正确的认识,关乎到人类生存的价值和意义,关乎到人类生活的姿态和目标。当代社会,尽管科学昌盛,技术发达,物质充沛,但人的问题非但没有真正解决,相反倒是处在深刻的危机之中。人类自我认识和自我觉醒的征程,任重而道远。本文以马克思实践哲学和社会发展理论为指导思想,吸取哲学人类学、精神分析学、文化人类学、人学和文化哲学的基本理论和研究成果,利用逻辑、历史和现实相结合的方法,从人和文化的本质相关性入手,探讨了人的特殊性、文化的本质、人与文化的关系以及人的文化生成的具体历史性。希望通过对人的文化本性的揭示,提高人类自我认识、自我创造和自我实现的主动性和自觉性,从而不断向自由自觉迈进;也为教育特别是思想政治教育提供科学依据和理论指导,使教育真正落到实处。本文认为,人是一个特殊的存在。他不仅是一个一般的存在,而且是一个有生命的存在;不仅是一个有生命的存在,而且是一个“人”的存在。作为一个与其他物相同的存在,他按照自然给定的法则生存;作为一个与其他物存在不同的存在,他按照自己的方式生活。人是唯一一个自己创造自己的存在!这个过程就是一个“人”的创造和文化生成的过程:人类按照自己的理想在自然界之外创造了一个新的世界。从此,这个世界就变成了“文”的世界,人也因为“文”变成了“人”。换句话说,人因为文化才创造了世界,而在创造世界的过程中成为了人。人的生成和文化的生成是同一过程的两个方面。教育的作用和意义,就是唤醒人类的文化自觉,帮助人们更好地认识自我、创造自我和实现自我。文章主要从以下几个方面展开:第一章绪论部分主要是引出问题,提出研究目的,概括研究状况,确立正确的研究思路和方法。第二章通过对历史上关于人的问题研究的考察,阐述了人的本质的生成性以及与文化的密切相关性。揭示了人的生成性特征和生成性存在,认为人永远处于未完成状态之中,永远处于不断的超越和创造之中。第三章通过对文化本质的分析和理解,说明文化对人具有本体的意义。并从生成论的角度,阐述了人的文化生成的因素,探讨了人的文化生成的内在机制。揭示了文化产生的原因、动力、内容、取向和过程。第四章具体展示人的文化的现实图景。人的文化特征和文化生成从人的多方面活动中表现出来。文化以价值观、思维方式、文化模式和文化圈的形式得以展现。物质文化、制度文化和精神文化都是文化的具体展开。第五章以中国文化与西方文化为例,通过对比说明文化是人的安身立命之所。不同的地理环境、不同的文化基因、不同的文化结构滋养和塑造了不同的人。第六章结语部分概括总结论文观点,提出进一步研究的问题和进一步研究的方向。总结并揭示人的文化生成思想对人的重要意义和对思想政治教育的启发作用。
[Abstract]:The problem is an old and new problem, but also the highest goal of philosophical inquiry. People's self understanding, not only embodies the human metaphysical thinking and complex nature, is also the starting point of our advance. Man is the only one there is a consciousness and self-consciousness, is a need to construct the existence of also, an often lost, whether humans have a clear and correct understanding of their own, relates to the value and meaning of human existence, is closely related to human life attitude and goals. In modern society, although the science and technology developed, material prosperity, energetic people but did not really solve the problem, on the contrary is in deep crisis. Human self cognition and self awakening journey, go15. Based on Marx's philosophy of practice and theory of social development as the guiding ideology, from the philosophical anthropology, psychoanalysis, cultural anthropology, The basic theory and research achievements, human science and philosophy of culture using the logic method of combining history and reality, starting from the relationship between human nature and culture, discusses the particularity of the essence of culture, the relationship between people and culture and the cultural formation of specific historical culture by revealing the nature of hope. People, improve human self cognition, self creation and initiative and consciousness of self realization, so as to continuously to freedom forward; especially for education to provide a scientific basis and theoretical guidance for the ideological and political education, so that education is truly implemented. This paper argues that the person is a special existence. He is not only a a general existence, but a life existence; not only is an existence of life, and is a "person". As the same with other objects, according to the natural law of life given him Deposit; as a different existence with other beings, he lived in their own way. Man is the only one of his own existence! This is a process of the generation of "human" creation and culture: human according to their own ideals to create a new world in nature since. In this world, it becomes "the world", also because of "text" into "people". In other words, because the culture that created the world, and in the process of creating the world has become a generation and culture. People are the two aspects of the same process. The role and significance education, is the awakening of human cultural consciousness, to help people understand themselves better and create self and self realization. This article mainly from the following aspects: the first chapter is the introduction part mainly leads to problems, put forward the research purpose, the general research situation The establishment, research ideas and methods of the right. The second chapter focuses on the research on the issue of human history, expounds the close relationship between generation of human nature and culture. To reveal the existence of the generation characteristics and generation, that is always in the unfinished state, always in constant transcendence and creation. The third chapter through the analysis and understanding of the essence of culture, that culture has ontological significance to people. And from the perspective of produce, expounds the cultural formation of human factors, discusses the inherent mechanism of cultural generation people. Reveals the reasons, culture motivation, content, orientation and process. The fourth chapter shows realistic picture of human culture. The cultural characteristics and cultural formation reflected from the aspects of cultural activities. The values, ways of thinking, form of cultural patterns and cultural circle of Show. Material culture, system culture and spiritual culture is the concrete expansion of culture. In the fifth chapter China culture and the western culture as an example, by comparing the culture is human settlement. The different geographical environment, different cultural gene, cultural structure and different nourishment make different people. The sixth chapter is the conclusion summarizes the views of this paper, further research problems and further research. To summarize and reveal the inspiration of people's ideological and cultural formation has important significance for people and the ideological and political education.

【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B038

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