“高尚的蒙昧人”:法国启蒙思想家对新世界原住民的想象和建构

发布时间：2018-03-17 00:32

本文选题：法国启蒙运动　切入点：高尚的蒙昧人　出处：《学术研究》2017年08期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：在法国启蒙运动中,卢梭、伏尔泰、狄德罗等一些思想家将美洲和太平洋岛屿原住民的生活状态浪漫化和美化,通过想象和建构"高尚的蒙昧人"的自由平等来批评法国社会中的专制与不平等,使得"高尚的蒙昧人"观念成了法国启蒙思想家批评自身社会和反封建的"他者"武器。"高尚的蒙昧人"形象的建构,一方面是出于反对封建专制和倡导自由平等观念的需要;另一方面,一些前往新世界的传教士和殖民者的游记、日记、回忆录等,也为启蒙思想家们提供了想象和建构的素材。
[Abstract]:In the French Enlightenment, some thinkers, such as Rousseau, Voltaire and Diderot, romanticized and beautified the living conditions of Native Americans and Pacific Islands. Criticizing autocracy and inequality in French society by imagining and constructing the freedom and equality of the "noble savage", The concept of "noble savage" has become the weapon of French enlightenment thinkers to criticize their own society and anti-feudal "other". On the one hand, the construction of the image of "noble savage" is out of the need of opposing feudal autocracy and advocating the concept of freedom and equality; On the other hand, the travels, diaries and memoirs of some missionaries and colonists to the New World also provided materials for the enlightenment thinkers to imagine and construct.
【作者单位】：首都师范大学历史学院;
【基金】：首都文化建设协同创新中心项目“中外文明互动与比较”的阶段性成果
【分类号】：B565.2

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