启蒙与宗教——胡适与福泽谕吉

发布时间：2018-03-19 10:04

本文选题：启蒙　切入点：宗教　出处：《现代哲学》2017年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：当竹内好倡导"作为方法的亚洲"时,他显示了一种跨-普世性的构想,即普世性不是由西方所赋予的普世性,东方也参与其中,双方都在改变自己的同时,追求更完善的普世性。本文延续竹内的问题意识,通过比较日本和中国来思考启蒙与宗教的问题,分析的人物是分别代表日本和中国之现代启蒙的福泽谕吉和胡适。胡适的启蒙是一种"浅显"的启蒙,它拒绝个体精神深层这一形而上学装置,这缘于胡适是标榜反黑格尔主义的实用主义的继承者。福泽谕吉的启蒙也不是西方现代启蒙的复制,而是东亚具有的另一种不同启蒙的可能性,即不诉诸精神层面的实用主义的"浅显"的启蒙。如果不是像福泽那样视儒教为启蒙之敌,而是与西方现代文明一起批判儒教,揭示其可能性的条件,那么日本现代启蒙的形态应能大大改观。这一点同样适用于胡适推动的中国现代启蒙。在今天的东亚思考启蒙,我们必须追问如何批判儒教和整个西方现代启蒙,为此,胡适和福泽谕吉应是必须被超越的人物。
[Abstract]:When Takeshi advocated "Asia as a method," he showed a cross-universal vision that universality was not a universal nature given by the West, but that the East was also involved, and that both sides were changing themselves. In pursuit of a more universal character, this paper continues Takeshi's awareness of problems, thinking about enlightenment and religion through comparison between Japan and China. The characters analyzed are FukuzawaYukichi and Hu Shi, who represent the modern enlightenment in Japan and China respectively. The enlightenment of Hu Shi is a kind of "superficial" enlightenment, which rejects the metaphysical device of the deep depth of the individual spirit. This is because Hu Shi is the successor to the pragmatism of anti-Hegel doctrine. FukuzawaYukichi's enlightenment is not a replica of the western modern enlightenment, but a different kind of enlightenment possibility in East Asia. That is, the "superficial" enlightenment of pragmatism, which does not resort to spiritual pragmatism. If it were not to regard Confucianism as the enemy of enlightenment, as Fuzzi did, but to criticize Confucianism together with modern Western civilization and to reveal the conditions under which it might be possible, Then the form of modern enlightenment in Japan should be greatly changed. This also applies to the modern enlightenment in China promoted by Hu Shi. In today's East Asian thinking Enlightenment, we must ask how to criticize Confucianism and the modern enlightenment in the West as a whole. For this reason, Hu Shi and FukuzawaYukichi should be figures that must be transcended.
【作者单位】：日本东京大学东洋文化研究所;
【基金】：广州市科技计划项目“西学东渐与广州21世纪海上丝绸之路” 中山大学“三大建设”专项资助
【分类号】：B261

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