弗洛姆论现代人的自由

发布时间：2018-03-22 05:32

本文选题：自由　切入点：现代人　出处：《东南大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：自由问题既是一个重要的现实生活问题,又是一个重要的哲学问题。弗洛姆作为西方马克思主义流派的重要一员,他的自由思想具有重要的研究价值。弗洛姆思想的根基在于对现代人的自由的考察,由这一对现代人生存现状的理论研究来展开论述,形成其思想体系。研究弗洛姆的自由思想,阐释和分析现代人的自由困境,对于更好地理解真正的自由、人的自由而全面的发展具有重要的理论意义和实践价值。弗洛姆自由思想从逃避自由的角度出发来探讨现代人自由困境和真正自由的实现。弗洛姆认为,由于资本主义以剥削为本质的社会制度和以压制、奴役为特点的生产方式,以及资本主义社会中个体化的突出,现代人产生了极权主义、破坏性和机械趋同三种不健康的性格特征即逃避自由的方式。对此,弗洛姆指出,真正自由的实现需要爱和自身创造性的努力,通过人的潜能的实现使个人成为自我力量的拥有者,从而与世界建立更加全面、和谐的关系,而不是被异化的力量所控制。同时弗洛姆还指出,获得真正自由的方式也需要相应的社会条件、社会资源进行配合,即完善的经济、政治和文化制度来保障自由的实现和人的全面发展。从马克思自由观的角度评价弗洛姆的自由思想,可以看出弗洛姆在“批判性”上、自由观的基本要素和历史唯物主义研究方法上对马克思自由观的继承,同时深入分析弗洛姆自由思想的内涵和特点,也可以看出弗洛姆自由观存在的局限,即夸大了人本身的心理作用、忽视资本主义社会中生产资料所有权的现实问题以及缺乏彻底性的解决路径。瑕不掩瑜,弗洛姆论现代人的自由问题仍对当代人的生活具有重要的启示意义。精神文明建设与和谐社会的构建,必须以科学地认识人自由而全面的发展为前提,并以马克思自由观为理论去指导实践,树立和培养人们真正自由的理念,解决好实际生活中的自由问题。
[Abstract]:The issue of freedom is not only an important real life problem, but also an important philosophical issue. Fromm, as an important member of the Western Marxist school, His freedom thought has important research value. The foundation of Fromm's thought lies in the investigation of the freedom of modern people. To study Fromm's free thought, to explain and analyze the freedom dilemma of modern people, to better understand the true freedom, The free and comprehensive development of human beings has important theoretical significance and practical value. Fromm's freedom thought discusses the predicament of freedom and the realization of real freedom from the angle of escaping freedom. As a result of the social system in which exploitation is the essence of capitalism, the mode of production characterized by repression and slavery, and the prominence of individualization in capitalist society, totalitarianism has emerged among the modern people. In response to the destructive and mechanical convergence of three unhealthy personality traits, the way to escape freedom, Fromm pointed out that the realization of true freedom requires love and creative efforts on its own. Through the realization of human potential, the individual becomes the owner of his own power, thus establishing a more comprehensive and harmonious relationship with the world, rather than being controlled by the forces of alienation. The way to get real freedom also needs the corresponding social conditions, social resources to coordinate, that is, a sound economy, The political and cultural system ensures the realization of freedom and the all-round development of human beings. Judging Fromm's free thought from Marx's viewpoint of freedom, we can see that Fromm is critical. The basic elements of the concept of freedom and the historical materialism research method inherit Marx's view of freedom. At the same time, the connotation and characteristics of Fromm's free thought are deeply analyzed, and the limitations of Fromm's view of freedom can also be seen. That is, it exaggerates the psychological role of human beings, neglects the realistic problem of ownership of means of production in capitalist society and lacks a thorough solution. Fromm's theory on the freedom of modern people is still of great significance to the life of modern people. The construction of spiritual civilization and harmonious society must be based on a scientific understanding of the free and comprehensive development of human beings. And take Marx's freedom view as the theory to guide the practice, to establish and train people's real free idea, and to solve the problem of freedom in real life.
【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：B038

【相似文献】