本源与过程的展开——孟子性善论再探

发布时间：2018-03-29 17:50

本文选题：性善　切入点：能动性　出处：《江苏大学学报(社会科学版)》2017年05期

【摘要】：孔子于诸经中拈出"仁"字,以恢弘儒学。然而,孔子终其一生却未对"仁"作正面解释,亦未对"行仁"作哲学的形上总结,对人性的本根也未肯做出明确判断,经百年发酵后这些问题愈演愈烈,成为儒门争论之焦点。孟子明确提出"性有善端"的观点,继承了孔子"仁"的内核。但对孟子的性善论主张,历来众说纷纭。事实上,孟子的性善思想本身具有圆满绽放、浑圆无碍的性质,既具有扩充性与抉择力,亦包含能动性与反向性,即一物以自我肯定的方式展开绽放的存在本身便是善。这种"善性",既来自于天,又根植于心,需要我们时时存养,方能达到"如保赤子"的境界。王阳明的"致良知"与"知行合一",强调反身而诚与本体功夫的一体展开,可称为深契孟子"性善"之要义。
[Abstract]:Confucius came up with the word "benevolence" in the sutras, in order to generalize Confucianism. However, throughout his life, Confucius did not make a positive explanation of "benevolence", nor did he make a philosophical summary of "Xing Ren", nor was he willing to make a clear judgment on the root of human nature. After a hundred years' fermentation, these problems have become the focus of the Confucian debate. Mencius clearly put forward the view that "the nature has good ends" and inherited the core of Confucius's "benevolence." however, there have always been different opinions on Mencius' theory of sexual goodness. In fact, Mencius' thought of sexual goodness itself has the nature of full bloom, round and unhindered, which is not only expansible and selective, but also dynamic and reverse. That is, the existence of a thing blooming in a self-affirmative manner is good in itself. This "good nature" comes from heaven and is rooted in the heart, and requires us to keep it from time to time. Wang Yangming's "to the conscience" and "the unity of knowledge and action", emphasizing the development of reflexive and sincere and Noumenon kung fu, can be called the essence of Mencius'"sexual goodness".
【作者单位】：清华大学人文学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金重大项目(14ZDB009)
【分类号】：B222.5

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