魅力型社会支配理论观照下的墨家组织制度

发布时间：2018-04-05 20:30

本文选题：墨家　切入点：魅力型支配　出处：《东南大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2017年05期

【摘要】：先秦墨家是建立在墨子领袖魅力型威权基础上的组织。墨家的创立过程,即是墨子的魅力型威权的确立过程。在此期间,墨家弟子作为追随者,对墨子经历了一个从怀疑、质疑,甚至是背叛,再到顶礼膜拜的过程。而作为魅力型领袖,墨子和追随者之间最终建立起的是一种完全基于情感(信任)之上的特殊的支配与被支配关系。在组织的权力运行机制中,代表着"天志"的"义"是墨家全体成员信奉的最高准则,墨子的魅力型权威和纪律在墨家建立和发展过程中皆发挥了重要作用,其组织内部实行经济一体化政策,具有魅力型支配组织的"非理性"的某些特征。墨子之后,墨家实行巨子制度,巨子的权威是墨子魅力型支配例行化的结果。处在兼并战争日益激烈的战国时代,墨家坚定反对兼并战争这一主张,使得墨家时常会卷入到战争的漩涡中,给墨家的发展带来了很大的不确定性。这种不确定性,即反映到巨子制度上,并最终影响到了墨家的组织性存在。
[Abstract]:The pre-Qin Mohist school is an organization based on Mozi's charismatic authoritarianism.The founding process of Mohism is the establishment process of Mozi's charismatic authoritarianism.During this period, Mohist disciples, as followers, experienced a process from doubt, doubt, even betrayal to worship.As a charismatic leader, Mozi and his followers finally established a special relationship of domination and domination based on emotion (trust).In the power operation mechanism of the organization, the "righteousness" of "Tianzhi" is the highest standard believed in by all members of Mohist school, and Mozi's charismatic authority and discipline have played an important role in the establishment and development of Mohist school.Its internal economic integration policy has some characteristics of "irrationality" of the charismatic organization.After Mozi, Mohism implemented the monarch system, and the authority of the monarch was the result of Mozi's charismatic domination routine.In the warring States period of the increasingly fierce annexation war, Mohist school firmly opposed the idea of annexation war, which made Mohist school often get involved in the whirlpool of war, which brought great uncertainty to the development of Mohist school.This uncertainty, reflected in the system, and ultimately affected the organizational existence of Mohism.
【作者单位】：南京大学哲学系;
【基金】：国家社科基金一般项目“中古时期佛教中国化进程中的瑞应及其宗教意义研究”(14BZJ012)成果之一
【分类号】：B224

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