孔子“克己复礼为仁”说与东亚儒者的诠释

发布时间：2018-04-23 13:41

本文选题：孔子 + 克己复礼为仁　；参考：《外国问题研究》2017年01期

【摘要】：儒家“仁”学,源远流长,波涛壮阔,蔚为东亚思潮的主流。自孔门以降,儒家“仁”学义蕴丰富,理路甚多,孔子所说“克己复礼为仁”这项命题,极具理论之意趣,亦深具思想史之涵义。历代东亚儒者对“克己复礼为仁”一语,提出深具时空特色之诸般解释,并开发潜藏于其中的哲学问题。本文旨在析论孔子“克己复礼为仁”之说,指示“仁”与“礼”之不可分割性与相互紧张性,以及此说在中、日、韩之发展。本文第1部分从历史视野回顾中国儒家“仁”学内涵之演进及其多歧之涵义;第2部分聚焦于“仁”与“礼”之关系,从理论内涵与实践过程两层次析论,批判清儒凌廷堪以及美国哲学家芬加瑞“以礼为首出”论述之内涵及其问题,并进一步提出新解释;第3部分分析17世纪以降的中、日、韩儒者,在东亚思想界的“实学”思想氛围之中,对孔子“克己复礼为仁”说所提出之新诠,涉及了“自我观”、“人与世界之关系”,以及“主体自由”等解释进路与思想脉络等问题,但都无法跳过朱子的诠释典范;最后提出本文之结论。
[Abstract]:Confucian benevolence, with a long history and vast waves, has become the mainstream of East Asian thought. Since Confucius came down, the Confucian "benevolence" has rich academic meaning and many rational ways. Confucius said that the proposition of "obeying oneself as benevolence" is of great theoretical interest as well as the meaning of the history of thought. In the past dynasties, the East Asian Confucianists put forward various interpretations with the characteristics of time and space, and explored the philosophical problems hidden in the phrase of "surrendering oneself to courtesy as benevolence". The purpose of this paper is to analyze Confucius's theory of "reversion of oneself to benevolence", the indivisibility and mutual tension between "benevolence" and "propriety", and the development of this theory in China, Japan and South Korea. The first part of this paper reviews the evolution of the connotation of "benevolence" in Chinese Confucianism from the perspective of history, the second part focuses on the relationship between "benevolence" and "propriety", and analyzes the theory from the two levels of theoretical connotation and practical process, the second part focuses on the relationship between "benevolence" and "propriety". It criticizes the connotation and problems of the exposition of Ling Tingkan and the American philosopher Fingari, and further puts forward a new explanation. The third part analyzes the Chinese, Japanese and Korean Confucianists who fell in the 17th century. In the ideological atmosphere of "practical learning" in East Asia, a new interpretation of Confucius's theory of "repaying one's own propriety for benevolence" involves "self-view" and "the relationship between man and the world". However, Zhu Zi's model of interpretation can not be skipped, and finally the conclusion of this paper is put forward.
【作者单位】：台湾大学人文社会高等研究院;

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