晚清革命派的群己思想研究

发布时间：2018-04-24 03:21

本文选题：革命派 + 群体　；参考：《西北大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：从甲午战后到二十世纪初,中国面临的民族危机进一步加深,传统的群己思想逐渐不适应当时的社会发展形势。以孙中山为代表的革命派,在救亡图存的感召下,以传统群己思想为基础,结合近代西方自由、民主、平等的启蒙思想,并吸收维新派群己思想的优秀成分,创建了一套新的群己理论框架,用以处理新形势下国民与国家的利益关系。在群体建设中,革命派力主合群,合“国家”之群、合“社会”之群、合“公德”之群。他们认为群体是个体生存的基础,国家之存亡关系国民之存亡。在个体建设中,革命派将关注点放在对“己”的塑造上,个体自由成为其衡量国民人格独立的重要标志。革命派主张通过唤醒国民的自立意识,培养国民在人权上的自觉性,包括自由与平等、权利与义务的自觉。在群己的整体建设中,革命派以道德培育、法制建设、教育普及、公共舆论为途径,构建了一个新的群己价值体系——合群利己。国家独立,人民游走在自由幸福的城邦之中,是晚清革命派对国家、国民未来的美好寄予。虽然辛亥革命后,革命派的目标没有完全实现。但客观上,晚清革命派的“群己”建构推动了中国近代国家观念、主权意识的形成及中国“人”的近代化进程,其群己思想对当今和谐社会的建设依旧能产生重要的社会效应。
[Abstract]:From the Jiawu war to the beginning of the 20th century, the national crisis faced by China deepened further, and the traditional group thought was gradually unable to adapt to the social development situation at that time. The revolutionaries, represented by Sun Zhongshan, were inspired by the idea of saving the nation from the dead, based on the traditional thought of group self, combined with the enlightenment thought of freedom, democracy and equality in the modern West, and absorbed the excellent elements of the thought of the reformist group. A new frame of group self theory is established to deal with the national and state interests under the new situation. In the group construction, the revolutionaries advocate the group, the group of "country", the group of "society" and the group of "public morality". They believe that the group is the basis of individual survival, and the survival of the nation is related to the survival of the national. In individual construction, revolutionaries pay attention to the shaping of "self", and individual freedom becomes an important symbol to measure the independence of national personality. The revolutionaries advocated that the consciousness of human rights, including freedom and equality, the consciousness of right and duty, should be cultivated by arousing the sense of independence of the people. In the whole construction of the group, the revolutionaries set up a new value system of group self by the way of moral cultivation, legal system construction, education popularization and public opinion. The independence of the country and the people's wandering among the free and happy city-states were the great hopes of the revolutionaries in the late Qing Dynasty for the future of the country and the people. Although after the Revolution of 1911, the revolutionary group's goal has not been fully realized. But objectively, the construction of "group" of revolutionaries in the late Qing Dynasty promoted the formation of modern Chinese national concept, the formation of sovereignty consciousness and the modernization process of Chinese "people", and its group thought could still produce important social effects on the construction of a harmonious society today.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B25

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