列斐伏尔“总体人”思想探析

发布时间：2018-04-25 00:21

本文选题：列斐伏尔 + 总体人　；参考：《广西大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：列斐伏尔是二十世纪中叶法国伟大的马克思主义理论家。他致力于对教条主义的马克思主义进行批判,将马克思的异化理论和辩证法学说抽象地运用于日常生活领域,从而展开了一场轰轰烈烈的日常生活革命。列斐伏尔以黑格尔的辩证法为指导,以马克思“人的自由全面的解放”为纲领,加之尼采的超人理想,提出了一种以黑格尔—马克思—尼采组合而成的“三位一体”为前提的“总体人”的辩证法。与马克思一样,列斐伏尔也将“总体人”作为他追求人本主义的最核心的终极目标。但是由于列斐伏尔对马克思关于异化的思想的“抽象解读”,导致其笼统地将人的“异已存在”抽象地理解成人异化的根源,将马克思运用在经济领域的异化思想扩展到了人们的日常生活之中。认为只有从总体的思维角度出发,以总体性革命为目的,将“总体人”作为一种高度理性化的目标,才能够彻底消除异化。具体说来,列斐伏尔的“总体人”思想包括以下基本内容：“总体人”在人与自然的辩证关系上达到了主-客体的统一；“总体人”是完全彻底地消除了“异化”的人；“总体人”是自由集体中自由的个人；“总体人”超越了日常生活成为了一种人道主义的审美实践。列斐伏尔的“总体人”思想开辟了马克思“总体人”思想的新思路——将人类自我解放转化为对日常生活的批判。他的“总体人”思想沿继了马克思人的解放旨趣,再现了总体性革命的现实意义。但是,无论列斐伏尔将“总体人”放置在何等高度,他的本质目的不过是想借助于马克思的语言“模式”打击斯大林教条,抒发自己主观意识中理想的人本主义乌托邦,并以此抨击苏联辩证唯物主义体系与德国法西斯主义。
[Abstract]:Lefeivoll was a great Marxist theorist in France in the middle of the twentieth century. He devoted himself to criticizing dogmatic Marxism and applied Marx's theory of alienation and dialectics to the field of daily life in an abstract way, thus launching a vigorous revolution in daily life. Under the guidance of Hegel's dialectics and Marx's "Free and complete Liberation of Man", Lefevere took Nietzsche's Superman ideal as his guiding principle. In this paper, a dialectic of "total man" is put forward, which is based on the combination of Hegel, Marx and Nietzsche. Like Marx, Lefebvre regarded "overall man" as his core ultimate goal in pursuit of humanism. However, because of his "abstract interpretation" of Marx's thought on alienation, Lefeivoll generally understood the root of adult alienation in an abstract way. The alienation thought applied by Marx in the field of economy has been extended to people's daily life. It is considered that only from the perspective of overall thinking and aiming at the overall revolution, can the alienation be completely eliminated by taking "overall person" as a highly rational goal. To be more specific, Lefeivoll's thought of "overall man" includes the following basic contents: "overall man" has achieved the unity of subject-object in the dialectical relationship between man and nature, "overall man" is the person who completely eliminated "alienation"; "overall person" is a free individual in a free collective, and "overall person" transcends daily life and becomes a humanitarian aesthetic practice. Lefeivoll's thought of "Total Man" opened up a new thought of Marx's thought of "Total Man"-transforming human self-emancipation into criticism of daily life. His "overall man" thought followed Marx's purport of human liberation and reproduced the practical significance of the overall revolution. But no matter how high Lefefort placed the "overall man", his essential purpose was to strike at Stalin's dogma with the help of Marx's linguistic "model" and to express the ideal humanist utopia of his subjective consciousness. And with this attack on Soviet dialectical materialism and German fascism.
【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：B565.59

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