维特根斯坦的“意义观”研究

发布时间：2018-05-01 16:03

本文选题：意义观 + 图像论　；参考：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：意义理论是分析哲学的核心内容。之所以这样说,是因为意义问题是分析哲学家不得不面对而又必须尝试解决的首要问题。对这一问题的提出和解决,不仅贯穿整个分析哲学的形成和发展,也彰显着分析哲学整体的独特思维模式。由于维特根斯坦的意义观在分析哲学意义领域占有举足轻重的地位,所以对维特根斯坦的意义观的研究显得尤为重要。维特根斯坦对意义的探讨贯穿其全部哲学,并且内在于截然相反的前后期哲学形成了形式相异的两种意义观——“图像论意义观”和“用法论意义观”。前期的“图像论意义观”以语言的逻辑图像性质作为语言意义的存在基础;进而以“命题——事实”与“名字——对象”的意义产生方式为契机,探讨语言意义的确定性问题;并且通过对语言意义的“不可说”性质的界定反讽形而上学家的理论臆想;同时以对“无意义”的哲学问题的消解来宣告哲学任务的终结。后期的“用法论意义观”是在对传统的“奥古斯丁图画”式的意义观及早期的“图像论意义观”的批判前提下提出的,并且以“语言游戏”这一隐喻为基础,主张“意义即用法”这一核心观点;又由对意义问题的再反思提出语言游戏的“错位”是诱发“哲学病”的新主张,同时进一步表明遵守语言的“深层用法”是治疗顽疾的良药。最后,通过对维特根斯坦前后期哲学之意义观的分析比较,可以明显的感受到二者的巨大差异;而这种差异的背后则折射出维特根斯坦前后期哲学思维方式的转变。显然,认识和认清这种转变,对于研究维特根斯坦不同时期意义理论的基本形态以及更好地理解后者对前者的超越有着决定性的作用。
[Abstract]:The theory of meaning is the core of analytic philosophy. The reason is that the problem of meaning is the first problem that the analytic philosopher has to face and must try to solve. It not only runs through the formation and development of the whole analytic philosophy, but also highlights the unique thinking mode of the whole philosophy of analysis. Wittgenstein's sense of meaning occupies an important position in the analysis of philosophical meaning, so the study of Wittgenstein's sense of meaning is particularly important. Wittgenstein's discussion of meaning runs through all his philosophy, and it lies in the opposite period of philosophy formed in the form of two different forms of meaning. "Image theory" and "usage sense of meaning". The "image theory of meaning" as the basis of linguistic meaning is the basis of language meaning in the early period of "image theory of meaning", and then taking the way of "propositional fact" and "name object" as an opportunity to explore the determinacy of language meaning; and through the language meaning. The "unspeakable" character defines the theory of ironical metaphysics, and at the same time proclaims the end of the philosophical task with the dispelling of the philosophical problem of "meaningless". The later "usage theory" is based on the critical premise of the traditional "Augustin picture" meaning and the early "view of image meaning". And then, based on the metaphor of "language game", it advocates the core view of "meaning is usages", and a rethinking of the question of meaning that the "dislocation" of the language game is a new proposition to induce the "philosophical disease", and further shows that the "deep usage" of the language is a good medicine for the treatment of the stubborn diseases. The analysis and comparison of Wittgenstein's philosophy of meaning in the front and back period can obviously feel the great difference between the two, and the difference reflects the transformation of Wittgenstein's philosophical thinking mode in the back and back period. It is obvious that the basic form of the study of Wittgenstein's theory of meaning in different periods is to understand and recognize this transformation. And a better understanding of the latter plays a decisive role in the transcendence of the former.

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B561.59

【参考文献】