早期道家宇宙观的人文向度——以物德论为中心的探讨

发布时间：2018-05-09 19:39

本文选题：物德论 + 道家　；参考：《文史哲》2017年02期

【摘要】：物德论作为道家哲学中德与万物的关系理论,为探讨道家宇宙观的人文向度提供了新的论域。在这一论域里,原为人事概念的"德"被拓展到宇宙场景,与万物的话题发生了多个层次的义理关联。在万物生成论里,物德话语对相关情况作出善的评价,凸显了"道"的正当性,从根本上解释了宇宙秩序何以能指导人事的问题。关于物性所由来,道家有一种动态的考虑,物德不同于物性,前者作为万物潜蕴的本根之全体,是通贯形而上下的关键,从宇宙论层面确认了人可以悟道的资格。自然之道被运用于人世社会需要一定的落实途径,物德是这种途径的重要基础,道家由此确立起公共生活的总目标,希望将社会秩序导向与之契应的德政秩序。统而言之,道家物德论在不同的语境里具有不同的表现形态,从多个方面反映了早期道家宇宙观所特有的人事关怀。
[Abstract]:As a theory of the relationship between morality and all things in Taoist philosophy, the theory of object and morality provides a new domain for the discussion of the humanistic aspect of Taoist cosmology. In this domain, the former concept of "virtue" has been extended to the universe scene, and the topic of everything has been connected with many levels of justice. In the generative theory of all things, the discourse of "Wu de" makes a good assessment of the relevant situation, which highlights the legitimacy of "Tao", and explains fundamentally why the cosmic order can guide personnel. There is a kind of dynamic consideration about the origin of materiality, which is different from materiality. The former, as the whole of the underlying root of all things, is the key to the metaphysics, and confirms the qualification of human being to understand the Tao from the cosmological level. The Tao of nature is applied to the society of the world and needs a certain way of implementation. The morality is the important foundation of this way. The Taoists thus establish the general goal of public life and hope to guide the social order to the order of virtue and government. On the whole, the Taoist doctrine of "Wu de" has different forms of expression in different contexts, which reflects the special personnel concern of the early Taoist view of the universe.
【作者单位】：南开大学哲学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金青年项目“先秦道家物德论研究”(14CZX023)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：B223

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