李贽启蒙思想研究

发布时间：2018-05-15 21:34

本文选题：李贽 + 启蒙思想　；参考：《湘潭大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：作为明清之际社会转型时期早期启蒙思想家的先驱,李贽启蒙思想的形成具有独特的时代背景、文化背景和家庭背景。李贽启蒙思想既有儒学渊源,也有道学和佛学渊源;于儒学而言,则主要体现为对先秦儒家学说的吸收和对阳明心学的吸收。李贽启蒙思想包含多方面的内容,主要体现在:一是“最初一念之本心”所蕴涵的个性自由和解放思想,体现为“童心即真心”的个性自觉、个性自由与个性独立思想。二是“天下无一人不生知”所内含的天赋平等思想,展开为“圣人与凡人一”的圣凡平等思想;“庶人非下,侯王非高”的君民平等思想;“大道不分男女”的男女平等思想。三是“人必有私”凸显的功利主义道德观,表现为“私者、人之心也”,“穿衣吃饭即是人伦物理”。李贽启蒙思想具三大特点:改良性,它是开明的地主阶级思想家在维护封建制度前提下提倡的改革。矛盾性,它不是一以贯之的,而是蕴涵了内在的矛盾。零碎性,它是零碎的、不全面的。李贽的启蒙思想在当时被道学家抨击为“异端”,却无不显示其启蒙精神的光辉,在当时以及后世都产生了深远影响,甚至出现了当时士人全不读“《四书》本经,而李氏《焚书》、《藏书》人挟一册,以为奇货”的现象。“公安三袁”、汤显祖、黄宗羲、顾炎武、王夫之、戴震、郑板桥、龚自珍、严复、刘师培、吴虞等都或多或少的受到其思想的影响。
[Abstract]:As a pioneer of the early enlightenment thinkers in the period of social transformation in the Ming and Qing dynasties, Li Zhi's enlightenment thought had a unique background of the times, culture and family. Li Zhi's enlightenment thought includes Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism. In Confucianism, it mainly embodies the absorption of pre-Qin Confucianism and Yangming Xinxue. Li Zhi's enlightenment thought includes many aspects, which are mainly embodied in: first, the personality freedom and emancipation of mind contained in "the original mind of the first one thought", embodied in the personality consciousness, personality freedom and personality independence thought of "childlike heart is sincere". Second, the innate equality thought contained in "no one in the world is born without knowledge" is spread out as the "sage and mortal one", the "common man is not inferior, Hou Wang Fei is high", and the equality between men and women is not divided between men and women. Third, the utilitarian morality of "man must have private" is manifested as "private person, man's heart is also", "dressing and eating is the physics of human relations". Li Zhi's enlightenment thought has three characteristics: it is the reform advocated by the enlightened landlord thinkers under the premise of maintaining the feudal system. Contradiction, it is not consistent, but contains the inherent contradiction. Piecemeal, it is piecemeal, incomplete. Li Zhi's enlightenment thought was criticized as "heretical" by Taoists at that time, but all showed the brilliance of his enlightenment spirit. At that time and in later generations, Li Zhi had a profound influence, and even appeared that scholars did not read the Book of the four Books at that time. And Li's "burning books", "book collection" people hold a book, as strange goods "phenomenon. "Public Security three Yuan", Tang Xianzu, Huang Zongxi, Gu Yanwu, Wang Fuzhi, Dai Zhen, Zheng Banqiao, Gong Zizhen, Yan Fu, Liu Shipei, Wu Yu and so on are more or less influenced by his thought.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B248.91

【参考文献】