王时槐工夫论思想研究
发布时间:2018-05-15 23:12
本文选题:王时槐 + 工夫论 ; 参考:《深圳大学》2017年硕士论文
【摘要】:江右学派是王门后学中影响较大的一个学派,其学术的基本倾向是坚持“由工夫以悟本体”的路径。黄宗羲将江右学派视为王门正宗,认为阳明真精神在江右。江右学派发挥王阳明“致良知”的功夫论思想,批评浙中王门“现成良知”说和泰州学派“百姓日用即道”,反对谈空说悟、束书不观、不事实修,认为格物致知是诚意之功,强调意之所在谓之物,通过戒慎恐惧,默默警惕,于事上磨炼,反求诸己,以渐修求良知,承袭宋儒涵养省察功夫方面,挽救王门后学游谈流弊。王时槐作为江右王门后期的代表人物,在继承前期江右学派诸子思想的基础上,批判了聂豹、罗洪先的“主静归寂”说,同时也纠正了其师刘两峰以“虚”为宗以及邹东廓“主敬止修”的论学主旨。王时槐的工夫论思想是建立在本体论的基础上提出来的,坚持以性本论为本体论思想,认为先天之性是天地万物存在的根据,通过以太极论性,强调性是本原,认为性体本虚、性体本寂,如太虚一样,本无一物,但并非枯寂,而是常运不息,真性乃“虚而生”,虚寂是性的真体,生生是性的妙用。王时槐认为真性本自圆成、无可著力,只有当性发用为意、念时,才可著力实修,须切己体认、默会而深契。王时槐为学以收敛为主,强调本体和工夫是体用不二,浑然为一,其工夫论思想是以“主敬致虚”、“透性为宗”、“研几为要”为修养方法,认为“性体从无生有,工夫必从有入无”,坚持把“有”的工夫修养至精微,以复归先天本性之“无”。“主敬致虚”的修养方法是针对初学之士久习尘染,本心蒙蔽,通过静坐收敛来去除万物纷扰,使心境澄澈,达到自识本性。“透性”的妙诀在于把握“窍”的发用,在念上操存,在事上修饬。通过摄用归体,悟性修命,透性用中的方法,时时密密体认,积久自能默契而深信,体会本性自足,不假外求,而在实践层面坚持约情复性,悟由修得,注重实修践履。同时认识到慎独是诚意致知之功,而研几在于深研精微,退藏于密,思不出其位,是以收敛归根、握几凝道、领悟知止为尽性之方,最终复归先天之性。
[Abstract]:Jiang right School is one of the most influential schools in Wang Men's Postschool, and its basic academic tendency is to insist on the path of "from the work to the understanding of the Noumenon". Huang Zongxi regarded the Jiang right School as the authentic Wang Men School and considered the true spirit of Yangming to be in the right side of the river. The Jiang right School gave play to Wang Yangming's kung fu theory of "making conscience", criticized the Wang Men's theory of "ready-made conscience" in the middle of Zhejiang and the Taizhou School of "the Daily use of the Tao", opposed to talk about empty ideas, did not look at books, and did not revise facts. Emphasis on the meaning of what is said, through caution fear, silently alert, in the matter of practice, and seek self, to gradually learn conscience, inherited the Confucian culture of the Song Dynasty to check the aspects of kungfu, to save the king's door after learning to talk about the disadvantages. Wang Shi-huai, as a representative figure of the late stage of Jiang Youmen, on the basis of inheriting the thoughts of the early Jiang Rightist School of thought, criticized the theory of "the Master returning to Silence" put forward by Niebao and Luo Hongxian. At the same time, it corrects his teacher Liu Liangfeng's academic purport of "deficiency" and Zou Dong-gu 's "Master respect and stop practice". Wang Shi-huai 's thought of Gongfu Theory was put forward on the basis of ontology. He insisted on taking sex ontology as the ontological thought. He believed that the nature of nature was the basis for the existence of everything in heaven and earth. The nature of the body, like the empty, has nothing, but is not dead, but is often unending, the true nature is "empty and born", the virtual silence is the true body of the nature, and the life is the beauty of the sex. Wang Shi-huai believes that the true nature of the original self-circle, no effort, only when the use of sex as the intention, read, can focus on practice, must know their own, tacit and deep understanding. Wang Shi-huai emphasizes that the ontology and the work are the same as the body, and all of them are one. His thought of the theory of time is based on "the master respects the empty", "the permeable nature is the living", and "the study of several things" as the cultivation method, and thinks that "the sexual body has never been born." Time must go from having to nothing, insist on the "have" work to subtle, in order to return to the innate nature of the "nothing." The cultivation method of "the Lord respects to the deficiency" is aimed at the beginners who have long been learning the dust, the original mind is blinded, through sitting and converging to remove all kinds of disturbance, so that the state of mind is clear, to achieve the nature of self-knowledge. The secret of penetration lies in grasping the use of orifices, operating and saving in reading, and rectifying things. Through the methods of taking and returning to body, understanding the life of the nature, using the method in the process of permeating sex, we can always concealedly understand and believe that the nature is self-sufficient, not false, but insist on the renaturation of the relationship in practice, learn from the practice, and pay attention to the practice of practice. At the same time, it is recognized that caution alone is the work of sincere knowledge, and the research lies in deep research, retreat into secret, thinking of no place, is to converge to the root, hold a few points of coagulation, understand that knowledge is the prescription of all nature, and finally return to the nature of nature.
【学位授予单位】:深圳大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2017
【分类号】:B248.99
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