也谈哲学是不是科学

发布时间：2018-05-18 15:00

本文选题：哲学 + 科学　；参考：《学术交流》2017年10期

【摘要】：哲学是不是科学?一直都是备受争议的问题,至今依然。回顾西方哲学史,古希腊哲学时期,哲学和科学是不分的,哲学就是科学,且是最高科学。中世纪时期两者发生了第一次分离,当时哲学被认为是有用的、可靠的,而科学却被视为不可靠。近代以来,人们仍然把哲学视为科学的基础,哲学是科学的科学。只有到了现代实验科学发达的时期,人们才开始认为科学是可靠的。哲学,尤其传统哲学只是一种形而上学,不具有科学性,两者出现了严重的背离。那么哲学到底是不是科学?可以说是,也可以说不是。主要是看我们在何种意义上使用科学。如果我们把自然科学视为科学的标准,要求科学必须具备可检验性和可重复性,并排斥一切价值判断,哲学确实不是科学,也不想成为这种科学。哲学与自然科学之间确实有很大的差异,两者不能等同,甚至在很多时候还是彼此对立的,正是这些差异和对立的存在,才既成就了自然科学,也成就了哲学。如果把科学和真理视为同义,认为科学是对真理的追求,是对事物的本质和规律的正确认识,那么从这一意义上说,哲学就是科学,而且是标准的科学。哲学一直都是与真理同路的,真理是哲学的永恒追求。其实,把科学等同于自然科学,是科学概念的"异化",是科学主义话语霸权的表现。这种科学主义的狂妄必然会如同胡塞尔当初所批判那样,引起自身的危机。哲学和科学是朋友而不是敌人,它们是人们探索世界的两种不同方式,只有将两者结合起来,我们才能更好地认识世界和改造世界。
[Abstract]:Is philosophy science? It has been a controversial issue, and remains so. Looking back on the history of western philosophy, philosophy and science were inseparable during the period of ancient Greek philosophy. Philosophy was science, and it was the highest science. The first separation took place in the Middle Ages, when philosophy was considered useful and reliable, while science was regarded as unreliable. Since modern times, people still regard philosophy as the foundation of science, philosophy is the science of science. Only when modern experimental science developed did people begin to believe that science was reliable. Philosophy, especially traditional philosophy, is only a metaphysics and not scientific. So is philosophy science? You can say yes or no. It mainly depends on the sense in which we use science. If we regard natural science as the standard of science, which requires that science be testable and repeatable, and reject all value judgments, philosophy is indeed not a science and does not want to be such a science. There is a great difference between philosophy and natural science. They can't be equal, even in many cases, they are still opposite each other. It is the existence of these differences and opposites that has made both natural science and philosophy successful. If science and truth are regarded as synonymous, and science is the pursuit of truth and the correct understanding of the essence and law of things, then in this sense philosophy is science and standard science. Philosophy is always the same as truth, truth is the eternal pursuit of philosophy. In fact, to equate science with natural science is the alienation of scientific concept and the expression of scientism discourse hegemony. This scientism's arrogance must have caused its own crisis, as Husserl had criticized. Philosophy and science are friends, not enemies. They are two different ways for people to explore the world. Only by combining the two, can we better understand and transform the world.
【作者单位】：黑龙江大学哲学学院;河南理工大学河南省中国特色社会主义理论体系研究中心;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金重大项目“唯物辩证法的重大基础理论与现实问题研究”(16ZDA242)
【分类号】：B0-0

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