《利维坦》的政治实践路径研究——阿尔都塞的霍布斯研究述评

发布时间：2018-05-22 19:20

本文选题：阿尔都塞 + 霍布斯　；参考：《湖北大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2017年06期

【摘要】：长期以来,学界忽视了《利维坦》的政治实践价值,即文本对现实的干预作用。依托于英国内战的时代背景,霍布斯提出要重视"想象"与"梦境"在人的认识过程中发挥的微妙作用。在他看来,这正是使英国君主制得以保留,并实现国内和平的关键。从构思新国家意识形态的政治实践需要出发,霍布斯以人们经历的死亡现实为基础,以想象的死亡构思出——"一切人反对一切人"的战争,指出:如果拒绝承认君主作为监督者会惩罚那些企图破坏和平的危险人物,那么,人们所希望的和平将不可能到来。借助于这种巧妙的话语转变,君主从统治者的形象转化为和平守护者的形象。其中,文本与现实、文本与主体、以及个体间相互承认及其"实践"对文本的回应等三重关系的依次转换是实现君主公共人格转换的关键。尽管如此,由于契约地位不对等、君主权限制的局限性以及私人与公共人格的冲突,绝对君主制造的守护者形象仅是假象。不过,透过阿尔都塞意识形态理论开启的全新领域,我们重新认识了绝对君主制国家的意识形态起源。
[Abstract]:For a long time, scholars have neglected the political practical value of Leviathan, that is, the interference of text to reality. Based on the background of the British Civil War, Hobbes put forward to attach importance to the subtle role of imagination and dream in the process of human cognition. This, in his view, was the key to keeping the British monarchy and achieving domestic peace. Based on the reality of death experienced by people, Hobbes conceived the war of "all against all" based on the reality of death experienced by people, based on the need of political practice to conceive a new national ideology. Point out: if the refusal to recognize the monarch as a supervisor will punish those dangerous people who try to break the peace, then the peace that people want will not come. With the help of this ingenious discourse, the monarch was transformed from a ruler to a guardian of peace. Among them, the transformation of the triple relationship between text and reality, text and subject, mutual recognition among individuals and the response of practice to text is the key to realize the transformation of monarch's public personality. However, due to the unequal contractual status, the limitation of sovereign restrictions and the conflict between private and public personality, the guardian image created by the absolute monarch is only an illusion. However, through Althusser's theory of ideology, we reunderstand the ideological origin of absolute monarchy.
【作者单位】：天津工业大学马克思主义学院;
【基金】：天津市哲学社会科学研究规划资助项目:TJZX16-004 北京地区高校中国特色社会主义理论研究协同创新中心建设项目(编号:PXM2017_014204_500095)的资助
【分类号】：B561.59

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