马克思拜物教批判理论的当代审视

发布时间：2018-06-14 18:53

  本文选题：马克思 + 拜物教批判理论　； 参考：《福建师范大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：拜物教批判理论在马克思思想体系中占有十分重要的地位,西方马克思主义的创始人卢卡奇称之“蕴含着全部历史唯物主义”。这一理论的当代意义既体现在它自身所特有的理论价值之中,也体现在它直面新的时代和问题时仍然具有强大的生命力和阐释力。作为一种关照现实的理论形态,马克思的拜物教批判理论有其深刻的历史背景和思想渊源。欧洲文艺作品中反映的资本主义拜物教现实,以及黑格尔、费尔巴哈、赫斯等关于异化的理论或思想,都对该理论的形成产生了重要影响。就其形成发展过程而言,它的理论内涵不仅是商品拜物教批判,而且包括货币和资本拜物教；这种批判方式不仅体现在《资本论》第一章中,而且波及到马克思的整个思想体系。它与马克思的哲学思想、政治经济学批判、共产主义学说之间有着密切联系,我们应该以整体性的视野把握其历史地位和理论价值。马克思之后,西方马克思主义、前苏联和东欧学者沿着马克思开辟的道路,分别对资本主义和社会主义条件下的拜物教问题进行了探索,但他们都没有超出马克思所做的贡献。以马克思拜物教批判理论审视当代资本主义新变化,我们发现,资本拜物教是当代资本主义经济金融化的重要推手,而以市场拜物教为核心的新自由主义则把市场加以神圣化、神秘化、万能化,给资本主义世界乃至许多发展中国家带来沉重的灾难。以马克思拜物教批判理论审视我国当前的社会主义市场经济,我们发现,社会主义市场经济中产生拜物教问题有其客观必然性,拜物教现象在生产、交换(流通)、分配、消费等环节都不同程度地存在,而这一现象的产生或存在是由多方面因素造成的,但它与资本主义社会的拜物教有着根本区别。我国社会主义制度下具有遏制拜物教现象的现实可能性,而有效遏制当前的拜物教现象则必须以坚持人民主体地位为导向,以解放和发展生产力为前提,以更好发挥政府作用为核心,以推进社会主义法治建设为抓手,以培育和弘扬社会主义核心价值观为基础,以加强和改善党的领导为保证。此外,论文还对遏制拜物教现象的前景进行了简要展望。
[Abstract]:The critical theory of fetishism occupies a very important position in Marx's ideological system, and the founder of Western Marxism, Lukacs, called it "contains all historical materialism". The contemporary significance of this theory is embodied not only in its own unique theoretical value, but also in its strong vitality and explanatory power when facing the new times and problems. As a realistic theoretical form, Marx's critical theory of fetishism has its profound historical background and ideological origin. The capitalist fetishism reflected in European literary works, as well as the theories or ideas about alienation, such as Hegel, Feuerbach and Hess, all have an important influence on the formation of the theory. As far as its forming and developing process is concerned, its theoretical connotation is not only the critique of commodity fetishism, but also the criticism of money and capital fetishism. And spread to the whole thought system of Marx. It is closely related to Marx's philosophical thought, political economic criticism and communist theory. We should grasp its historical position and theoretical value from a holistic perspective. After Marx, Western Marxism, former Soviet Union and Eastern European scholars explored the fetishism under the conditions of capitalism and socialism, respectively, along the road opened up by Marx, but they did not exceed the contributions made by Marx. Examining the new changes of contemporary capitalism with Marx's critical theory of fetishism, we find that capital fetishism is an important driving force for the financialization of contemporary capitalist economy, while the neoliberalism, with market fetishism as the core, sanctifies the market. Mysticism and omnipotence have brought heavy disasters to the capitalist world and even to many developing countries. Examining the current socialist market economy with Marx's critical theory of fetishism, we find that the problem of fetishism in the socialist market economy has its objective inevitability, and the phenomenon of fetishism is in production, exchange (circulation, distribution, distribution). Consumption and other links all exist to varying degrees, and this phenomenon is caused by many factors, but it is fundamentally different from fetishism in capitalist society. Under the socialist system of our country, it is possible to curb fetishism, but the effective containment of fetishism must be guided by the people's dominant position and the premise of liberating and developing the productive forces. The core is to give full play to the role of the government, to promote the construction of socialist rule of law, to cultivate and carry forward the socialist core values, and to strengthen and improve the leadership of the Party. In addition, the prospect of curbing fetishism is briefly forecasted.
【学位授予单位】：福建师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：B0-0
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本文编号：2018611