论杜维明的儒学宗教观

发布时间：2018-06-19 22:31

本文选题：儒学宗教观 + 杜维明　；参考：《曲阜师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：第三代新儒家代表杜维明通过历史研究及哲学分析,代表儒家与世界各大宗教、各思想传统以及现代思潮诸流派进行交流对话。他认同儒学的宗教性,并致力于儒学宗教性的研究,多方面揭示了儒学的宗教性,认为“对宗教一定要敏感,要了解宗教,对生态环保、对天地万物有关切。”(1)杜维明并非从“制度仪轨的层面而是从精神信念、存在体验的层面肯定儒学具有宗教性的”(2),这是因为“儒家是突出社会伦理的教育思想,做人的道理,生命的学问,生活的方式,体现人文精神的信仰。”(3)他把儒家的人文主义定义为精神人文主义或者是包容的人文主义,在儒家那里,一方面要和自然保持和谐,同时还要和天道相辅相成,即一方面和自然密切联系,另一方面又要和精神领域保持联系。人作为宇宙的高级存在,是其个体性和社会性通过不断互动交织而形成的,杜维明作为儒家学说进行创造性转化的忠实倡导者,从个人、自然、社群以及天四个侧面探讨了儒学的宗教性,并且在不断学习中检视并修正自己的观点。杜维明的儒学宗教观是在不断地检视与反思中形成的,其形成过程分为四个时期,分别是孕育时期、萌芽时期、形成时期及成熟时期。他主要从儒家精神价值的四个层面阐述儒学的宗教性,即自我与个人的主体性问题、群体、自然以及天与天道。杜维明对儒学宗教性的阐述无疑具有重要的价值,主要在于他分疏了中国哲学和宗教的关系。但是,其宗教观也存在极大的不足之处,主要是“内在超越”的困难和“内圣有余而外王不足”的困境。概而言之,要以开放发展的心态来探讨杜维明的儒学宗教观。
[Abstract]:Du Weiming, the representative of the third generation of Neo-Confucianism, through historical research and philosophical analysis, represented the exchange and dialogue between Confucianism and the world's major religions, ideological traditions and modern schools of thought. He recognized the religious nature of Confucianism and devoted himself to the study of the religious character of Confucianism. He revealed the religious nature of Confucianism in many ways, and held that "we must be sensitive to religion, understand religion, and be environmentally friendly." Du Weiming affirmed the religious nature of Confucianism at the level of spiritual belief and existential experience, not from the level of "institutional ceremony" but from the level of spiritual belief. This is because "Confucianism is an educational thought that highlights social ethics." He defines Confucian humanism as spiritual humanism or tolerant humanism. In Confucianism, on the one hand, it is necessary to maintain harmony with nature. At the same time and heaven complementary, that is, on the one hand and nature, on the other hand, to keep in touch with the spiritual field. As the higher existence of the universe, man is formed by the interweaving of individuality and sociality. Du Weiming, as a faithful advocate of the creative transformation of Confucianism, from the individual, the nature, The community and heaven explore the religious nature of Confucianism and review and revise their views. Du Weiming's view of Confucianism and religion is formed through continuous examination and reflection, and its forming process is divided into four periods: gestation period, budding period, forming period and mature period. He mainly expounds the religious nature of Confucianism from four aspects of the spiritual value of Confucianism, namely, the subjectivity of self and individual, the group, the nature, the nature and the Tao of heaven. Du Weiming's elaboration of Confucianism's religion is undoubtedly of great value, mainly because he separates the relationship between Chinese philosophy and religion. However, his religious view also has great shortcomings, mainly the difficulty of "internal transcendence" and the dilemma of "the inner has more than the others but the outside king is insufficient". Generally speaking, we should explore du Weiming's view of Confucianism and religion with the mentality of open development.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B222

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