退溪和栗谷修养论之比较研究

发布时间：2018-06-25 08:39

本文选题：退溪 + 栗谷　；参考：《延边大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：退溪和栗谷作为同时期两位朝鲜朱子学的代表人物,其修养论都是对朱子学的继承和发展,只是侧重点有所不同,退溪主"敬",从"治心"和"敬工夫"的修养方法来复其"性";栗谷主"诚",从"居敬"、"穷理"、"力行"的修养方法来复其"气",但最终目的都是为了实现"理",达到"至善"的修养境界。退溪所主张的人性是指人经过从"本然之性"的未发状态中过滤到"气质之性"的已发状态,并能够让"本然之性"从中清晰地映射。从"本然之性"与"气质之性"的关系,退溪则认为是心的体用关系,"仁、义、礼、智"作为心的体,是"本然之性"中"寂然不动"的未发之"中",若想达到中节的"和"则需要与心未发之"中"的"四端"之心。据退溪说实际上"气质之性"发时必须理和气一起发,这时"四端"是理发而气随的,"七情"是气发而理内在于其中的。最终退溪以比起"气质"更要显本性,比起"七情"更要显"四端",在理论上确保人类的性善,所以退溪主张治心,加持敬工夫的修养来恢复人类本然性善,继而构建了自己主敬的修养理论。栗谷则强调虽然"敬"贯通了修己工夫的始终,而且不分动静,均能"主一无适",但是栗谷更加重视"诚",把"诚意正心"当作其修己论的根本核心。显示出其突出人的自主、主体的意志,另一方面他更试图把由意志而行为的结果也放入考虑,也就是包含了从行为动机到结果的整个过程,栗谷的"诚"之哲学成为连结务实思想的基础,"诚意"与"务实"的结合乃试图由"知行"的合一来寻求伦理道德的妥当性,这在一定程度上影响了韩国的近代实学。
[Abstract]:Tuxi and Ligu, two representative figures of Korean Zhu Zi's studies in the same period, both inherit and develop Zhu Zi's theory of accomplishment, but their emphasis is different. The master of the retreating stream "respects" and restores his "nature" from the self-cultivation methods of "governing the heart" and "respecting the kung fu"; the "sincerity" of the master of Kurikui returns his "qi" from the self-cultivation methods of "living with respect", "poor reason", and "practicing", but the ultimate purpose is to realize "reason". To achieve the "perfect" state of accomplishment. The humanity advocated by Tuoxi refers to the human nature which is filtered from the "original nature" to the "temperament nature" and can be clearly mapped from the "original nature" to the "original nature". From the relationship between "nature of nature" and "nature of temperament", Tuexi thinks it is the relationship between body and use of the heart, and "benevolence, righteousness, propriety and wisdom" is the body of the heart. If we want to achieve the harmony of the middle section, we need the four ends of the heart. According to Huoxi, in fact, the hair of temperament must be treated with harmony and Qi. At this time, the "four ends" are haircut and Qi follows, and "Seven emotions" lies in it. In the end, it is necessary to show its nature more than "temperament" and to show "four ends" more than "seven emotions". In theory, it ensures the good nature of human beings. Therefore, the retreating stream advocates governing the mind and abetting the cultivation of respect for work to restore the original good nature of human beings. Then it constructs the theory of self-cultivation. Li Gu stressed that, although "respect" had been carried through throughout the work of self-cultivation, and without distinction between movement and movement, it could be "dominant and unsuitable", but Kurigu attached more importance to "honesty" and regarded "sincerity" as the fundamental core of his theory of self-revision. It shows the autonomy of the human being and the will of the subject. On the other hand, he tries to take into account the result of the action by will, that is, the whole process from the motive to the result. Li Gu's "sincerity" philosophy became the basis of linking practical thinking, and the combination of "sincerity" and "pragmatism" was an attempt to seek the appropriateness of ethics and morality from the unity of "knowing and doing", which to some extent affected the modern Korean practical learning.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B312

【参考文献】