张东荪与唯物辩证法论战

发布时间：2018-06-28 04:47

本文选题：张东荪 + 叶青　；参考：《深圳大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：张东荪是在中国现代哲学史上占有重要地位的哲学家、思想家。本文以“唯物辩证法论战”为契入点,通过分析张东荪在论战中和不同学派的哲学对话,评述他对辩证法、形式逻辑、道德观、唯物史观等问题的较系统而又独具个性的见解,分析和揭示张东荪思想对当代中国哲学的价值与意义。张东荪在唯物辩证法论战中的思考和思想成果以及他在论战后哲学思想的转变,对于现代中国哲学史而言,是一笔重要的思想遗产。在论战中,这主要体现在四个方面:一、他捍卫了“纯粹哲学”的确当性,尤其是论证了形式逻辑的确当性,对于逻辑学在中国现代的发展具有重要意义。二、他对唯物辩证法的质疑及其所蕴含的问题意识,颇具个性。在思考进化论与辩证法的关系上,他对辩证法与进化论是否有关联的质疑,有助于我们从更多的视角反思辩证法,对当代哲学家们反省与提升当代哲学方法论,颇具问题意识的强化作用。从因果律的或然性看,他对辩证法与因果律是否有关联的质疑,同样不乏问题意识的深刻性。三、他从文化的角度来思考道德的性质与进化,道德因此不是停滞的,而是被置于一个不断展开、深入和发展的过程中。这既开拓了中国现代哲学思考道德的视野,也直接促进了相应的思考。四、他对马克思主义的诘难,直接推动与促进了马克思主义思想家们对相应问题进行进一步的思考探索,从而也就间接促进了马克思主义中国化的进程。唯物辩证法论战后,张东荪改变了对马克思主义的态度,对马克思的辩证法和唯物史观有了新的看法。本文以他的逻辑观与唯物史观的转变为例,考察他的哲学走向。他否定了逻辑的唯一性,坚持多元逻辑观,将逻辑当成文化的产物,用文化来解释逻辑,将逻辑与文化上的需要结合在一起,为突破原有格局来研究逻辑,提供了一个新视角;他的唯物史观与马克思的唯物史观形成一种对比,比较中更易出真知,从而有助于我们在比较中更能深入地认识、理解和发展唯物史观。
[Abstract]:Zhang Dongsun is an important philosopher and thinker in the history of modern Chinese philosophy. Taking the argument of materialist Dialectics as the starting point, this paper analyzes Zhang Dongsun's philosophical dialogue in the debate and different schools of thought, and comments on his more systematic and unique views on dialectics, formal logic, morality, historical materialism, and so on. To analyze and reveal the value and significance of Zhang Dongsun's thought to contemporary Chinese philosophy. Zhang Dongsun's thinking and ideological achievements in the debate of materialist dialectics and the transformation of his philosophical thoughts after the debate are an important ideological heritage for the history of modern Chinese philosophy. In the debate, this is mainly reflected in four aspects: first, he defended the "pure philosophy", especially demonstrated the formality of logic, which is of great significance for the development of logic in modern China. Second, his questioning of materialist dialectics and its contained problem consciousness are quite individualized. In thinking about the relationship between evolution and dialectics, his doubts about the relationship between dialectics and evolution are helpful for us to reflect on dialectics from more perspectives, and to reflect on and promote the methodology of contemporary philosophy for contemporary philosophers. A rather problematic sense of reinforcement. From the probabilistic point of view of causality, his doubts about the connection between dialectics and causality also lack the profundity of problem consciousness. Third, he thinks about the nature and evolution of morality from the perspective of culture. Therefore, morality is not stagnant, but is placed in a process of unceasing development, deepening and development. This not only broadens the vision of Chinese modern philosophy thinking morality, but also directly promotes the corresponding thinking. Fourthly, his criticism of Marxism has directly promoted and promoted the further thinking and exploration of the corresponding problems by the Marxist thinkers, thus indirectly promoting the process of the Sinicization of Marxism. After the controversy of materialist dialectics, Zhang Dongsun changed his attitude towards Marxism and had a new view on Marx's dialectics and historical materialism. Taking the transformation of his logic and historical materialism as an example, this paper examines the trend of his philosophy. He negates the uniqueness of logic, insists on the view of pluralistic logic, regards logic as the product of culture, interprets logic with culture, combines logic with the need of culture, and provides a new angle of view for breaking through the original pattern to study logic. His historical materialism contrasts with Marx's historical materialism, and it is easier to get real knowledge in comparison, which is helpful for us to understand, understand and develop historical materialism in comparison.
【学位授予单位】：深圳大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B261

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