许衡知行思想研究

发布时间：2018-07-03 02:01

本文选题：许衡 + 知行并进　；参考：《内蒙古师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：许衡,元代著名的理学家,在促进理学在北方的传播及在全国范围的推广方面起到了重要作用。知行思想是许衡理学思想中的重要组成部分,主要包括对理本体的体认及在道德方面的践履两部分内容。从总体上看,许衡的知行思想大体以朱熹知行思想为框架,并间接的吸收了陆九渊的知行学说。其知行思想在重视心在体认本体与道德修养方面具有显著特点。这也是许多专家学者们认为其知行思想游离于朱陆二人之间的主要原因。许衡知行思想形成于元初,受宋朝知行学说的影响。其思想主要来源于经姚枢从赵复处取得的理学著作,直接继承了朱熹格物致知,知先行后,知行互相发的知行观点,并间接吸收了陆九渊先乎讲明而后践行的知行思想。在继承前人的基础上许衡又有所发挥,认为知是对本体的体认,行是践行。许衡倡导真知与笃行的统一,坚信真知一定笃行。同时,许衡认为知与行二者应当并进,强调知行并进基础之上的笃行。基于此,许衡的修养方法主要是将格物致知与尽心知性结合起来,通过持静,存养与省察变化气质,从而将知与行在修养工夫方面统一起来。许衡的知行思想作为哲学思想对他的教育思想,政治思想都起到了重要的指导作用,在教育方面,许衡重视寓教于乐,倡导真知基础之上的笃行,在政治方面许衡倡导知行并进,致力于推行以汉法治天下。总体来说,许衡知行思想重视在真知基础之上的笃行,强调知行并进,具有务实的特点,是在当时社会背景下对理学的新发展,为明代心学思想的出现做了很好的铺垫。
[Abstract]:Xu Heng, a famous Neo-Confucianism in Yuan Dynasty, played an important role in promoting the spread of Neo-Confucianism in the north and in the whole country. The thought of knowing and doing is an important part of Xu Heng's thought of Neo-Confucianism. On the whole, Xu Heng's thought of knowing and doing is based on Zhu Xi's thought of knowledge and action, and indirectly absorbs Lu Jiuyuan's theory of knowledge and practice. His thought of knowledge and action has remarkable characteristics in the recognition of ontology and moral cultivation. This is also the main reason why many experts and scholars think that his thought of knowledge and action is free from Zhu Luer. Xu Heng's thought of knowing and doing was formed in the early Yuan Dynasty and influenced by the theory of knowledge and action in Song Dynasty. Its thought mainly comes from the Neo-Confucianism works obtained by Yao Shu from Zhao Fu, and directly inherits the knowledge of Zhu Xi. After knowing first, knowledge and deeds send out each other's views of knowledge and action, and indirectly absorbs the idea of knowledge and practice that Lu Jiuyuan explains first and then practices. On the basis of inheriting the predecessors, Xu Heng thinks that knowledge is the understanding of ontology and practice. Xu Heng advocates the unity of true knowledge and practice, and firmly believes that true knowledge must be carried out. At the same time, Xu Heng believes that knowledge and action should go hand in hand, emphasizing on the basis of knowledge and action. Based on this, Xu Heng's cultivation method is mainly to combine the knowledge with the mind, through holding static, keeping and observing the changing temperament, thus unifying the knowledge and the practice in the cultivation time. As a philosophical thought, Xu Heng's thought of knowing and doing has played an important role in guiding his educational thought and political thought. In the field of education, Xu Heng attached importance to education and fun, and advocated the practice on the basis of true knowledge. In the political aspect, Xu Heng advocated that knowledge and action should go hand in hand, and devoted himself to promoting the rule of law in Han Dynasty. On the whole, Xu Heng's thought of knowing and doing attaches importance to the practice on the basis of true knowledge, emphasizes that knowledge and practice go hand in hand, and has practical characteristics. It is the new development of Neo-Confucianism in the social background at that time, and it has made a good foundation for the emergence of the thought of psychology in the Ming Dynasty.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B244

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