回归自然:马克思与尼采的共同旨趣
发布时间：2018-07-29 12:50
【摘要】：本是推崇人之主体性地位的现代性,因为主体的内在性特别需要外在体现而成就了"自然"的至高地位。马克思和尼采都不同意康德关于自由与自然的二分对立思想,肯定自然的基础性,把人首先视为是自然存在。虽然马克思的着重点不在人的自然性方面,但仍然肯定自然对于自由的优先性。尼采更是强调自然是最大的理性,是人最大、最根本的现实。尼采着重的是第一自然,马克思着重的是社会历史运行中新塑造的第二自然;尼采的自然进程之方向是永恒轮回,马克思的历史观念指向的是不断进步。但他们推崇的生产力和强力意志,都是客观、自然的存在,并且都指向自然和社会的统一,也都意味着一种生成着、发展着的行动和过程,甚至是可以用科学描述的自然历史过程。虽然各自推崇的"自然"其着重点、内涵、运行方向等各不相同,但回归自然是他们各自哲学的共同点。
[Abstract]:This is the modernity which advocates the subjective status of human being, because the internality of the subject especially needs the external embodiment, it has achieved the supreme status of "nature". Both Marx and Nietzsche disagree with Kant's dichotomy about freedom and nature and affirm the foundation of nature. Although Marx's emphasis was not on the naturalness of man, he affirmed the primacy of nature over freedom. Nietzsche emphasizes that nature is the greatest rationality and the greatest and most fundamental reality of human beings. Nietzsche emphasizes the first nature, Marx focuses on the second nature newly molded in the social and historical operation, Nietzsche's natural process direction is eternal reincarnation, and Marx's historical concept points to continuous progress. But the productive forces and strong will they hold in veneration are both objective and natural existence, and they all point to the unity of nature and society, and they also mean a kind of action and process that is generated and developed. Even natural historical processes that can be described scientifically. Although the emphasis, connotation and running direction of "nature" are different, returning to nature is the common point of their philosophy.
【作者单位】： 山东大学哲学与社会发展学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金项目“历史唯物主义的现实观研究”(15AZX002)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：B0-0;B516.47
，
本文编号：2152727
[Abstract]:This is the modernity which advocates the subjective status of human being, because the internality of the subject especially needs the external embodiment, it has achieved the supreme status of "nature". Both Marx and Nietzsche disagree with Kant's dichotomy about freedom and nature and affirm the foundation of nature. Although Marx's emphasis was not on the naturalness of man, he affirmed the primacy of nature over freedom. Nietzsche emphasizes that nature is the greatest rationality and the greatest and most fundamental reality of human beings. Nietzsche emphasizes the first nature, Marx focuses on the second nature newly molded in the social and historical operation, Nietzsche's natural process direction is eternal reincarnation, and Marx's historical concept points to continuous progress. But the productive forces and strong will they hold in veneration are both objective and natural existence, and they all point to the unity of nature and society, and they also mean a kind of action and process that is generated and developed. Even natural historical processes that can be described scientifically. Although the emphasis, connotation and running direction of "nature" are different, returning to nature is the common point of their philosophy.
【作者单位】： 山东大学哲学与社会发展学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金项目“历史唯物主义的现实观研究”(15AZX002)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：B0-0;B516.47
，
本文编号：2152727
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