诸子言意观的学派差异
发布时间：2018-08-16 13:52
【摘要】：春秋战国是中国哲学的发生期,先秦诸子的探索确定了中国式思想书写的基本方向与路径。先秦诸子关于思想书写的困惑与探索,主要体现在对言意问题的探讨中。道家认为言不能尽意,主张得意忘言,他们创造性地采用了以文写意的表达方式。儒家重视言语的政教功用,主张君子慎言,而盛德大美之境,可以意会而难以言传。儒家将天道视为终极真理,为探求天道而走上了两条不同的路径,一是《周易·系辞》提出的立象尽意,以辞系象的外观之路,另一条是《孟子》提出的尽心知性以知天的内守之路。儒家和道家是先秦诸子中对高深思想和抽象理论最有探索兴趣的两派,他们在使用语词探索思想秘境的途中,虽然存在着儒家"不得不言"和道家"得意而忘言"之异,但最后都选择了超语言的方式。法家、墨家更在乎言动主君,发为刑政,他们专注于言语的现实功用,对于表达的准确性有严苛的要求,并因此而试图探索语词使用的规则、方法,不过法家的循名责实属于实用的政治技艺,墨家对名实的探究则能深入到概念研究本身。
[Abstract]:The Spring and Autumn period and the warring States period were the beginning of Chinese philosophy. The puzzlement and exploration of the thought writing of the pre-Qin Dynasty are mainly reflected in the discussion of the problem of speech and meaning. Taoists believe that words can not be full of intention, advocate complacency and forget words, they creatively adopt the way of expressing in literary and freehand style. Confucianism attaches importance to the political and religious functions of speech, and advocates that a gentleman should be careful in his speech, while the beauty of Shengde can be expressed but difficult to convey. Confucianism regarded the Tao of Heaven as the ultimate truth, and took two different paths in order to explore the Tao of Heaven. The other is Mencius' path of knowing the sky with all his heart. Confucianism and Taoism are two of the most interested schools in the pre-Qin period in exploring advanced thought and abstract theory. They are on their way to explore the ideological realm with words, although there is a difference between Confucian "having to speak" and Taoism "being proud and forgetting words". But in the end, they all chose the way of hyperlanguage. The Legalists, Mohism are more concerned with the expression of the Lord and the monarch, and they are devoted to the practical function of speech, and have strict requirements for the accuracy of expression. Therefore, they try to explore the rules and methods of the use of words. However, the legalism is a practical political skill, and Mohism's exploration of nominalism can go deep into the conceptual study itself.
【作者单位】： 陕西师范大学历史文化学院;
【分类号】：B22
本文编号：2186174
[Abstract]:The Spring and Autumn period and the warring States period were the beginning of Chinese philosophy. The puzzlement and exploration of the thought writing of the pre-Qin Dynasty are mainly reflected in the discussion of the problem of speech and meaning. Taoists believe that words can not be full of intention, advocate complacency and forget words, they creatively adopt the way of expressing in literary and freehand style. Confucianism attaches importance to the political and religious functions of speech, and advocates that a gentleman should be careful in his speech, while the beauty of Shengde can be expressed but difficult to convey. Confucianism regarded the Tao of Heaven as the ultimate truth, and took two different paths in order to explore the Tao of Heaven. The other is Mencius' path of knowing the sky with all his heart. Confucianism and Taoism are two of the most interested schools in the pre-Qin period in exploring advanced thought and abstract theory. They are on their way to explore the ideological realm with words, although there is a difference between Confucian "having to speak" and Taoism "being proud and forgetting words". But in the end, they all chose the way of hyperlanguage. The Legalists, Mohism are more concerned with the expression of the Lord and the monarch, and they are devoted to the practical function of speech, and have strict requirements for the accuracy of expression. Therefore, they try to explore the rules and methods of the use of words. However, the legalism is a practical political skill, and Mohism's exploration of nominalism can go deep into the conceptual study itself.
【作者单位】： 陕西师范大学历史文化学院;
【分类号】：B22
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