从四组劳动范畴看马克思的异化劳动概念

发布时间：2018-10-05 15:21

【摘要】：马克思认为,劳动是人的类本质,是自由自觉的活动,但在资本主义制度下劳动异化成难以忍受的苦役。资本主义生产的"抽象劳动主体性原则"导致了使用价值的社会化,使交换价值居于中心地位,并使拜物教从使用价值崇拜进一步发展表现为交换价值崇拜;货币拜物教加深了人的物役性。资本主义生产方式的出现使社会从过剩消费转向过剩生产,资产阶级经济学家视不生产阶级为资本主义生产的必要构件,把不生产阶级的奢侈浪费视为消除过剩生产的必要手段,与不生产阶级奢侈浪费相对立的是劳动者阶级在资本主义生产条件下被剥夺得仅能勉强维持生存。资本主义生产的这种荒谬性源于资本对劳动的统治,即死劳动对活劳动的支配。
[Abstract]:Marx believed that labor is a kind of nature of man and a free and conscious activity, but under the capitalist system labor is alienated into intolerable servitude. The "principle of abstract labor subjectivity" in capitalist production leads to the socialization of use value, makes exchange value in the central position, and makes fetishism further develop from use value worship to exchange value worship. The fetishism of money deepens the servitude of man. The emergence of capitalist mode of production has shifted society from excess consumption to overproduction, and bourgeois economists regard the class of production as a necessary component of capitalist production. The extravagance and waste of the non-productive class is regarded as the necessary means to eliminate excess production. What is opposed to the extravagance and waste of the non-productive class is that the laborer class is deprived under the condition of capitalist production that it can barely survive. The absurdity of capitalist production stems from the domination of capital over labor, that is, the domination of dead labor over living labor.
【作者单位】：天津师范大学马克思主义学院;天津市中国特色社会主义理论体系研究中心天津师范大学基地;
【基金】：天津市哲学社会科学研究规划项目“马克思《古代社会史笔记》对唯物史观的贡献研究”(TJKS15—009) 北京高校中国特色社会主义理论研究协同创新中心(首都师范大学)“马克思主义与当代中国文化建设”项目(PXM2017-014203-500008)
【分类号】：B03

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