毛泽东对湖湘学派知行理论的传承与创新

发布时间：2018-10-24 11:05

【摘要】：《实践论》的历史形成过程不只是一种纯粹理论性的哲学思辨,而是要必须解决中国革命实践中具体的实际问题,而做出有效回应。在这个过程中,毛泽东实实在在地解决好了现实问题和理论问题。实现了马克思主义与中国革命实践的相结合,亦实现了马克思主义与中国传统文化的相结合。系统全面地考察毛泽东《实践论》中认识论形成的历史过程,综合客观地呈现毛泽东实现马克思主义哲学中国化,完成了理论与实践的相互贯通融汇发展,同时完成了思想理论上的相互贯通融汇发展的历史过程,对我们继续推进中国化的马克思主义具有巨大的启示意义。本文的论述主要分为四个部分展开。第一部分,系统梳理了知行关系问题在中国传统哲学中的形成、发展和演变,仔细阐释了其内容、作用和意义,特别是在宋明理学时期以程颐、朱熹为主要代表的程朱理学和以陆九渊、王阳明为主要代表的陆王心学关于知行关系问题的主要观点。第二部分,首先,介绍了湖湘学派形成和发展的源流、脉络及其主要特点。其次,着重阐释湖湘文化各个时期的主要代表人物关于知行关系问题的主要认识。最后,介绍了在王船山之后,特别是近代出现的对中国历史进程产生了巨大影响的主要代表人物,他们无论是在义理方面还是在事功方面都彰显着湖湘文化经世致用的真精神。第三部分,首先,介绍了毛泽东青少年时期对中国传统文化的初步学习,打好了比较坚实的国学文化基础。其次,重点梳理了毛泽东进入具有浓厚的湖湘文化氛围的湖南第一师范后,对中国传统文化的积极学习,对西方思想文化的学习与借鉴,在这个过程中受到了老师杨昌济的悉心指导,特别是其积极提倡的湖湘文化的重要影响,逐步确立了救国救民的志向,形成了学以致用的为学态度,培养了实事求是的真精神,在经世致用的湖湘学风的影响下,开始了初步的社会实践,对知行关系问题不仅有了一定的认识,同时也在积极地践行,形成了鲜明的知行求真模式。不仅在实践中对知行关系问题有所体悟,逐步完善自己的认识,更是在实践中彰显着自己的认识。再次,一师毕业后,研究中国革命的实际问题,迅速向着职业革命家的方向转变。为探索中国救亡图存的根本出路,吸收着当时中国的各种新思想新观点,不仅在理论上比较鉴别,更在实践中来检验。最后,在解决中国革命实践的实际问题的过程中,选择了马克思主义,并以马克思主义哲学观点对知行关系问题进行了改造和发展,从而形成了自己成熟的认识论思想。第四部分,阐述了《实践论》在马克思主义认识论中国化进程中的范式意义。这种中国化的马克思主义,既是对马克思主义理论的丰富和发展,又是对中国传统文化的继承、改造和创新。
[Abstract]:The historical forming process of practice is not only a pure theoretical philosophical speculation, but also must solve the specific practical problems in the practice of Chinese revolution and make an effective response. In this process, Mao Zedong really solved the practical and theoretical problems. It realizes the combination of Marxism and Chinese revolutionary practice as well as the combination of Marxism and Chinese traditional culture. The historical process of the formation of epistemology in Mao Zedong's Theory of practice is systematically and comprehensively investigated, and Mao Zedong realizes the Sinicization of Marxist philosophy in a comprehensive and objective way, thus accomplishing the development of mutual integration of theory and practice. At the same time, it has completed the historical process of interpenetrating development of ideology and theory, which has great enlightening significance for us to continue to push forward the Sinicization of Marxism. The thesis is divided into four parts. The first part systematically combs the formation, development and evolution of the relationship between knowledge and action in Chinese traditional philosophy, and explains its content, function and significance, especially in the period of Song Ming's Neo-Confucianism. Zhu Xi is the main representative of Neo-Confucianism and Lu Wang Xinxue's views on the relationship between knowledge and action. The second part, first of all, introduces the origin, vein and main characteristics of the formation and development of Huxiang School. Secondly, it explains the main understanding of the relationship between knowledge and action among the main representatives of Huxiang culture. Finally, it introduces the main representative figures who have a great influence on the process of Chinese history after Wang Chuanshan, especially in modern times. They show the true spirit of Huxiang culture in the aspect of justice and principle as well as in the aspect of practical achievement. The third part, firstly, introduces Mao Zedong's elementary study of Chinese traditional culture and lays a solid foundation of Chinese culture. Secondly, it focuses on combing Mao Zedong's positive study of Chinese traditional culture and learning and reference to western ideology and culture after entering Hunan first normal school with strong culture atmosphere of Huxiang. In this process, he was guided by Yang Changji, a teacher, and especially the important influence of Huxiang culture, which he actively advocated, gradually established the ambition of saving the nation and saving the people, formed a practical and practical attitude towards learning from learning, and cultivated the true spirit of seeking truth from facts. Under the influence of Huxiang study style which has been applied to the world, the preliminary social practice has been started, and the relationship between knowledge and practice has been recognized, meanwhile, it has been actively practiced, forming a distinct pattern of knowledge and practice and seeking truth. Not only in practice to understand the relationship between knowledge and practice, gradually improve their own understanding, but also in practice to highlight their own understanding. Third, after the first division graduated, the study of the actual problems of the Chinese revolution quickly turned to the direction of professional revolutionaries. In order to explore the fundamental outlet of saving the nation from death and save the nation, it absorbs all kinds of new ideas and new viewpoints of China at that time, not only in theory, but also in practice. Finally, in the process of solving the practical problems of Chinese revolutionary practice, we chose Marxism and transformed and developed the relationship between knowledge and action from the viewpoint of Marxist philosophy, thus forming our own mature epistemological thought. The fourth part expounds the paradigm significance of practice in the process of Marxism epistemology in China. This Chinese Marxism is not only the enrichment and development of Marxist theory, but also the inheritance, transformation and innovation of Chinese traditional culture.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B023;A841

【参考文献】