“市民社会”与“人类社会”的划界及其意义

发布时间：2018-11-08 16:01

【摘要】：呈现《关于费尔巴哈的提纲》的文献学语境,对我们解读该提纲"第十条"有重要意义,但是,如果在"理论前见"上就错失了马克思的实践唯物主义本质,文献学研究只会让我们在歧途上越走越远。作为旧唯物主义的代表人物,费尔巴哈的人本学唯物主义的突出贡献就在于,他已经直观到人是"类存在物"或社会存在物,但他不懂得人之作为社会存在物是一定劳动活动的结果,他对人的社会性的确证只是源自于是无实践根据的直观。作为对旧唯物主义的本质性超越,马克思的新唯物主义就是实践唯物主义,它提供了一条以现实实践为基础而超越市民社会的现实路径,因而它的立脚点是根本超越市民社会的"人类社会或社会的人类",即作为共产主义的人类社会或作为共产主义社会的人类。对新、旧唯物主义立脚点的辨析绝非无意义的理论空谈,而是一个关涉马克思哲学革命的本质及其理论灵魂与社会归宿的原则性问题。
[Abstract]:Presenting the bibliographic context of the outline of Feuerbach is of great significance for us to interpret the outline "Article 10," but if we miss the essence of Marx's practical materialism in "see before Theory," The study of philology will only lead us astray. As a representative figure of the old materialism, Feuerbach's outstanding contribution to humanistic materialism lies in his intuitionistic view that man is "a kind of existential thing" or a social being. However, he does not understand that human being as a social being is the result of certain labor activities, and his confirmation of human sociality is only derived from the intuitionistic view without practical basis. As the essential surpassing of the old materialism, Marx's new materialism is practical materialism, which provides a realistic path to transcend the civil society on the basis of practical practice. Therefore, its foothold is the "human society or the human being" that transcends the civil society, that is, as a communist human society or as a communist society. The analysis of the new and old materialism is not a meaningless theoretical empty talk, but a matter of principle concerning the essence of Marxist philosophy revolution and the theoretical soul and social fate.
【作者单位】：上海财经大学人文学院;
【分类号】：B03

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