论拜比吉对马克思分工和机器大生产理论的影响
发布时间：2019-02-23 12:14
【摘要】：社会变革的一切奥秘都隐藏在经济事实之中。历史唯物主义认为,经济基础决定上层建筑,而在所有经济现象中,"分工"和"机器大生产"毫无疑问具有核心性地位。本研究将"分工"和"机器大生产"为切入点探讨查理·拜比吉(Charles Babbage)之于马克思的政治经济学思想,及至历史唯物主义的重要影响,以彰显本研究的马克思主义特征。本研究的结论是,在马克思的政治经济学前史中,有一位被长期忽视的人物:查理·拜比吉,其代表作《论机器和工厂的节约》曾对马克思产生过重要的影响,而得出这一结论的根据则是对拜比吉在何种意义上助益于马克思政治经济学思想乃至历史唯物主义的考察。当然,这一过程本身是一个否定之否定的过程,它包含了 一个马克思由对拜比吉的轻信到批判再到超越的过程。其中,本研究的第一章首先关注拜比吉其人,尤其是其所处的工场手工业向机器大生产过渡的特定时代背景;之后则转而关注于其所思,主要是分工理论和机器理论;最后则试图对其所思给出一个历史性的评价,既基于特定的历史背景,又结合具体的历史发展对其予以定位。但最终的落脚点是,拜比吉是一位为资产阶级进行辩护的思想家。之后,论文将转入马克思的思想,文本资源是《布普塞尔笔记》、《哲学的贫困》和《雇佣资本与劳动》,主要的关注点则是马克思对拜比吉的轻信和接受,包括混淆了社会分工和工场手工业内部分工、工具与机器的区分等。在这一时期,马克思已部分地意识到了拜比吉理论的缺陷,如他对拜比吉补偿理论的批评。第三章则以《伦敦笔记》到《资本论》期间的文本为依据,阐发马克思对拜比吉的超越,这也是马克思形成自己独立思想的阶段,主要内容包括"对工场手工业和机器大工业的重新理解"、"对工具和机器的科学区分"及"对拜比吉补偿理论的再批判"。最后,论文将以马克思的工艺学研究与历史唯物主义的深化作为结语,阐发在资本主义机器大生产条件下如何实现劳动解放与阶级斗争的可能性问题。也即批判的工艺学在何种意义上助力于人的全面自由发展的实现,以及对当代资本主义生产关系的理解的重要作用。
[Abstract]:All the mysteries of social change are hidden in economic facts. Historical materialism holds that the economic basis determines the superstructure, and in all economic phenomena, "division of labor" and "machine mass production" undoubtedly have the core position. In this study, "division of labor" and "machine mass production" are taken as the starting point to explore the important influence of Charlie Bebigit (Charles Babbage) on Marx's political and economic thought, including historical materialism, in order to highlight the Marxist characteristics of this study. The conclusion of this study is that, in the prehistory of Marx's political economy, there is a man who has been neglected for a long time: Charlie Biebigit, whose masterpiece, on the Saving of machines and factories, had an important influence on Marx. The conclusion is based on the investigation of the meaning of Bibaki's help to Marx's political economic thought and even historical materialism. Of course, the process itself is a process of negation, which contains a process from credulity to criticism to transcendence by Marx. The first chapter of this study focuses on the specific background of the transition from the handicraft industry of the workshop to the mass production of machinery, and then focuses on its thinking, mainly the theory of division of labor and the theory of machinery. Finally, the author tries to give a historical evaluation of his thoughts, which is based on the specific historical background and combined with the specific historical development. But in the end, Bibaki was a thinker defending the bourgeoisie. After that, the thesis will turn to Marx's thought. The text resources are "Boupser's Notes", "the Poverty of philosophy" and "Employment Capital and Labor". The main focus is Marx's credulity and acceptance of Babigi. Including the confusion between the social division of labor and the internal division of labor in the workshop, the distinction between tools and machines, and so on. During this period, Marx was partially aware of the defects of Bibaki's theory, such as his criticism of Bibaki's theory of compensation. The third chapter is based on the texts from London Notes to Capital to illustrate Marx's transcendence to Bibaki, which is also the stage in which Marx formed his own independent thought. The main contents include "Re-understanding of the workshop handicraft industry and the big machine industry", "the scientific distinction between tools and machines" and "the recriticism of the theory of compensation by Bebigit". Finally, the conclusion of Marx's study of technology and the deepening of historical materialism will be taken as the conclusion to expound the possibility of how to realize labor liberation and class struggle under the condition of large-scale production of capitalist machinery. In what sense does critical technology contribute to the realization of man's all-round and free development and the important role of understanding contemporary capitalist relations of production?
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B0-0
本文编号：2428809
[Abstract]:All the mysteries of social change are hidden in economic facts. Historical materialism holds that the economic basis determines the superstructure, and in all economic phenomena, "division of labor" and "machine mass production" undoubtedly have the core position. In this study, "division of labor" and "machine mass production" are taken as the starting point to explore the important influence of Charlie Bebigit (Charles Babbage) on Marx's political and economic thought, including historical materialism, in order to highlight the Marxist characteristics of this study. The conclusion of this study is that, in the prehistory of Marx's political economy, there is a man who has been neglected for a long time: Charlie Biebigit, whose masterpiece, on the Saving of machines and factories, had an important influence on Marx. The conclusion is based on the investigation of the meaning of Bibaki's help to Marx's political economic thought and even historical materialism. Of course, the process itself is a process of negation, which contains a process from credulity to criticism to transcendence by Marx. The first chapter of this study focuses on the specific background of the transition from the handicraft industry of the workshop to the mass production of machinery, and then focuses on its thinking, mainly the theory of division of labor and the theory of machinery. Finally, the author tries to give a historical evaluation of his thoughts, which is based on the specific historical background and combined with the specific historical development. But in the end, Bibaki was a thinker defending the bourgeoisie. After that, the thesis will turn to Marx's thought. The text resources are "Boupser's Notes", "the Poverty of philosophy" and "Employment Capital and Labor". The main focus is Marx's credulity and acceptance of Babigi. Including the confusion between the social division of labor and the internal division of labor in the workshop, the distinction between tools and machines, and so on. During this period, Marx was partially aware of the defects of Bibaki's theory, such as his criticism of Bibaki's theory of compensation. The third chapter is based on the texts from London Notes to Capital to illustrate Marx's transcendence to Bibaki, which is also the stage in which Marx formed his own independent thought. The main contents include "Re-understanding of the workshop handicraft industry and the big machine industry", "the scientific distinction between tools and machines" and "the recriticism of the theory of compensation by Bebigit". Finally, the conclusion of Marx's study of technology and the deepening of historical materialism will be taken as the conclusion to expound the possibility of how to realize labor liberation and class struggle under the condition of large-scale production of capitalist machinery. In what sense does critical technology contribute to the realization of man's all-round and free development and the important role of understanding contemporary capitalist relations of production?
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B0-0
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1 丁冬雪;论拜比吉对马克思分工和机器大生产理论的影响[D];南京大学;2017年
，本文编号：2428809
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