高中物理课程中技术素养培养的研究
发布时间：2018-09-03 17:07
【摘要】：随着科学技术日新月异的发展变化,技术及其应用已经深刻地影响着人们的日常生活,给人们的生活带来诸多便利。当前科学与技术互相促进、互相融合,一道对社会的进步产生巨大影响,而技术教育是科学教育的重要组成部分,这就使得技术教育越来越被重视。在高中阶段学生的认知水平和实践创新能力都比较突出,在课程教学过程中渗透技术教育,使学生掌握最新的技术领域内容,有利于培养学生的学习兴趣,使学生不但能掌握课程内容,还能掌握相关的技术内容,在此阶段对学生进行技术教育具有较强的可行性。技术教育可以有多种形式,可以通过单独开设技术教育类课程,也可以融合在传统理科课程中渗透培养学生的技术素养。而物理学科与技术应用紧密相联,日常生活中很多技术事件都会或多或少地应用到物理学方面的知识,因此在物理课程中更有利于渗透培养学生的技术素养。本研究主要采用文本分析法,对高中物理课程标准、人教版高中物理教材、优秀教学案例等进行分析,探寻在高中物理课程中渗透培养学生技术素养的内容特点和教学策略。本研究主要有以下发现:(1)建立技术素养的内涵指标体系。本研究界定了技术素养的内涵,建立了技术素养内涵的指标分析量表和高中物理课程中技术素养内涵的文本分析操作定义量表,并对文本分析操作定义量表进行了信度检验。(2)归纳出高中物理课程中技术素养的独特内涵。通过对普通高中物理课程标准和人教版普通高中物理教材中体现技术素养的内容进行分析,发现:教材在电磁现象与规律、电磁技术与社会发展、家用电器与日常生活、电路与电工、电磁波与信息技术、力与机械、热与热机等章节处更容易培养学生的技术知识。教材在电路与电工、电磁波与信息技术、电场、电路、磁场等章节处更容易培养学生的技术能力。教材在电磁现象与规律、电磁技术与社会发展、家用电器与日常生活、热现象与规律、热与生活、能源与社会发展等章节处更容易培养学生的技术情意。(3)凝练出在高中物理课程中渗透培养学生技术素养的六条教学策略。以物理知识为载体通过问题引导的方式培养学生的技术素养;通过学生熟谙的技术事例来培养学生的技术决策能力;开展具有技术特色的探究活动培养学生的技术实践能力;通过物理学史上的典型事例培养学生的技术情意;从教材内容的整体安排融入技术素养的内容;充分利用物理实验促进技术实践能力。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development and change of science and technology, technology and its application have deeply affected people's daily life and brought a lot of convenience to people's life. At present, science and technology promote each other and merge with each other, which have a great impact on the progress of society, and technology education is an important part of science education, which makes technology education more and more important. In the senior middle school stage, the students' cognitive level and practical innovation ability are all outstanding. In the course of teaching, technical education is infiltrated to enable the students to master the latest technical field content, which is conducive to the cultivation of students' interest in learning. So that students can not only master the curriculum content, but also grasp the relevant technical content, in this stage of technical education for students has a strong feasibility. Technical education can take many forms, which can be combined into traditional science courses to cultivate students' technical literacy by offering separate courses of technical education. Physics is closely related to the application of technology, and many technical events in daily life will be more or less applied to the knowledge of physics, so it is more advantageous to infiltrate and cultivate students' technical literacy in the physics curriculum. This research mainly uses the text analysis method to analyze the senior high school physics curriculum standard, the person education edition high school physics teaching material, the outstanding teaching case and so on, explores the content characteristic and the teaching strategy which infiltrates and trains the student technical accomplishment in the high school physics curriculum. The main findings of this study are as follows: (1) establishing the connotation index system of technical literacy. This study defines the connotation of technology literacy, establishes the index analysis scale of technology literacy connotation and the text analysis operation definition scale of technology literacy connotation in senior high school physics curriculum. The reliability of the operational definition scale for text analysis is tested. (2) the unique connotation of technical literacy in senior high school physics curriculum is summed up. Based on the analysis of the curriculum standard of physics in senior high school and the content of technology accomplishment in the physics textbook of ordinary senior high school, it is found that the teaching material is in the electromagnetic phenomenon and law, electromagnetic technology and social development, household appliances and daily life. Electric circuit and electrician, electromagnetic wave and information technology, force and machinery, heat and heat engine, etc. Teaching materials in the electric circuit and electrician, electromagnetic wave and information technology, electric field, circuit, magnetic field and other chapters easier to develop students' technical skills. Teaching materials on electromagnetic phenomena and laws, electromagnetic technology and social development, household appliances and daily life, thermal phenomena and laws, heat and life, The chapter on energy and social development is easier to cultivate students' technical feelings. (3) condensed out six teaching strategies of cultivating students' technical literacy in the physics course of senior high school. Taking the physical knowledge as the carrier, cultivating the students' technical literacy through the way of question guidance, cultivating the students' technical decision-making ability through the technical examples that the students are familiar with, and developing the students' technical practice ability by carrying out the inquiry activities with the characteristics of technology. Through the typical examples in the history of physics, we can cultivate students' technical feelings; integrate the contents of teaching materials into the contents of technical literacy; and make full use of physical experiments to promote the ability of technical practice.
【学位授予单位】：河南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G633.7
本文编号：2220628
[Abstract]:With the rapid development and change of science and technology, technology and its application have deeply affected people's daily life and brought a lot of convenience to people's life. At present, science and technology promote each other and merge with each other, which have a great impact on the progress of society, and technology education is an important part of science education, which makes technology education more and more important. In the senior middle school stage, the students' cognitive level and practical innovation ability are all outstanding. In the course of teaching, technical education is infiltrated to enable the students to master the latest technical field content, which is conducive to the cultivation of students' interest in learning. So that students can not only master the curriculum content, but also grasp the relevant technical content, in this stage of technical education for students has a strong feasibility. Technical education can take many forms, which can be combined into traditional science courses to cultivate students' technical literacy by offering separate courses of technical education. Physics is closely related to the application of technology, and many technical events in daily life will be more or less applied to the knowledge of physics, so it is more advantageous to infiltrate and cultivate students' technical literacy in the physics curriculum. This research mainly uses the text analysis method to analyze the senior high school physics curriculum standard, the person education edition high school physics teaching material, the outstanding teaching case and so on, explores the content characteristic and the teaching strategy which infiltrates and trains the student technical accomplishment in the high school physics curriculum. The main findings of this study are as follows: (1) establishing the connotation index system of technical literacy. This study defines the connotation of technology literacy, establishes the index analysis scale of technology literacy connotation and the text analysis operation definition scale of technology literacy connotation in senior high school physics curriculum. The reliability of the operational definition scale for text analysis is tested. (2) the unique connotation of technical literacy in senior high school physics curriculum is summed up. Based on the analysis of the curriculum standard of physics in senior high school and the content of technology accomplishment in the physics textbook of ordinary senior high school, it is found that the teaching material is in the electromagnetic phenomenon and law, electromagnetic technology and social development, household appliances and daily life. Electric circuit and electrician, electromagnetic wave and information technology, force and machinery, heat and heat engine, etc. Teaching materials in the electric circuit and electrician, electromagnetic wave and information technology, electric field, circuit, magnetic field and other chapters easier to develop students' technical skills. Teaching materials on electromagnetic phenomena and laws, electromagnetic technology and social development, household appliances and daily life, thermal phenomena and laws, heat and life, The chapter on energy and social development is easier to cultivate students' technical feelings. (3) condensed out six teaching strategies of cultivating students' technical literacy in the physics course of senior high school. Taking the physical knowledge as the carrier, cultivating the students' technical literacy through the way of question guidance, cultivating the students' technical decision-making ability through the technical examples that the students are familiar with, and developing the students' technical practice ability by carrying out the inquiry activities with the characteristics of technology. Through the typical examples in the history of physics, we can cultivate students' technical feelings; integrate the contents of teaching materials into the contents of technical literacy; and make full use of physical experiments to promote the ability of technical practice.
【学位授予单位】：河南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G633.7
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