《唐律疏议》“皆”、“各”字例析

发布时间：2018-01-21 15:53

本文关键词： 唐律疏议皆字例各字例　出处：《吉林大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：“八例”,又称律母,分别为“以、准、皆、各、其、及、即、若”八字,它对研读律文有着至关重要的作用。本文仅对“皆”、“各”这两个直接科以刑罚的字例加以论述与分析。本文共分四个部分,分别为：“皆”、“各”词义概述,“皆”、“各”字例在唐律疏议中的分布及形态,“皆”、“各”字例中所体现出的唐律立法本质,以及“皆’“各”字例在唐律中的重要作用。在文章第一部分中,笔者从“皆”、“各”两字词源讲起,介绍两字的基本含义以及作为字例的法律含义。这是深入了解“皆”、“各”两个字例在《唐律疏议》中的用法及作用的基础。该部分着重阐述了“皆”、“各”两字作为字例时的含义,以明确区分律文中非字例的用法,并对两字例的用法做了简要比较。可以说,第一部分是本文研究基础。在第二部分中,笔者对《唐律疏议》全文的“皆”、“各”字例做了数量以及分布上的统计,将两个字例的具体形态进行了分类,并以《唐律疏议》中具体律文规定为例作简要说明。该章节是本文的重点部分,也是笔者重点阐述的内容。笔者通过这部分的统计与分析,了解“皆”、“各”两字在律文中的涵义、用法、区别等,以达到识别《唐律疏议》中“皆”、“各”这两个字例。通过以上两个部分的阐述与分析,辨别是否构成“皆”、“各”字例,可以从以下两方面进行：其一,两个字后是否直接科以具体刑罚,而且这种刑罚可以直接运用到个案中去；其二,如果“皆”、“各”两字之后直接科以刑罚,那么这种具体的刑罚是整部律文中单独的新规定,相关处罚要依照两个字例的规定来定罪处罚,不会完全等同于其他律文中的规定。第三部分,简要说明“皆”、“各”字例在律文中使用的原因,这些原因所反映的是唐律立法者的立法意图——保障皇权、维护森严的等级制度。这便是立法者所要达到的立法目的。本文最后一部分,简要阐述“皆”、“各”字例在《唐律疏议》中的作用。本部分是通过前面的阐述与分析来进行总结,重点说明两字例以特殊规定的形式运用对《唐律疏议》整体的影响。总之,本文对“皆”、“各”字例的含义、分布及形态做了详细阐述,并通过具体的律文规定来加以说明,希望对《唐律疏议》中的立法字词有进一步了解,更加深入掌握《唐律疏议》的整体框架结构。这些都对明确《唐律疏议》的历史地位及正确评价《唐律疏议》有着重要作用。
[Abstract]:"eight examples", also known as "law mother", are respectively "to, accurate, all, each, its, and, if," eight characters, it has a vital role in the study of the law of the text. The two direct sections of "each" are discussed and analyzed by examples of punishment. This article is divided into four parts: "all", "each" word meaning overview, "all", "each" in the distribution and form of the Tang law, "all", "each" embodied in the legislative essence of Tang law. And the important role of the word "all'" in the Tang Law. In the first part of the article, the author begins with the etymology of "all" and "each", and introduces the basic meaning of the word and the legal meaning of the word as an example. This part focuses on the meaning of "all" and "each" as an example, in order to distinguish clearly the usage of non-word examples in the text of law. The first part is the basis of this paper. In the second part, the author makes statistics on the number and distribution of the "all" and "each" characters in the full text of "Tang Law", and classifies the specific forms of the two characters. This chapter is not only the key part of this article, but also the content of the author's emphases. Through the statistics and analysis of this part, the author understands "all". The meaning, usage and difference of the word "each" in the text of law, in order to distinguish the two characters of "all" and "each" in "Tang Ru-Shu". Through the above two parts of the elaboration and analysis, to identify whether to constitute "both", "each" word examples, can be carried out from the following two aspects: first, two words after the direct section of the specific penalty. And this penalty can be directly applied to the case; Second, if "all", "each" is followed by a direct penalty, then the specific penalty is a separate new provision in the entire text of the law, and the relevant punishment should be convicted and punished in accordance with the provisions of the two characters. It is not entirely equivalent to the provisions in other legal texts. The third part briefly explains the reasons why "all" and "each" are used in the legal text. These reasons reflect the legislative intention of the legislator of Tang Dynasty to protect the imperial power. Maintain a strict hierarchy. This is what legislators want to achieve. In the last part of this paper, the author briefly expounds the role of "all" and "each" in the "Tang Law sparsely discussed". This part is summed up through the previous elaboration and analysis. The emphasis is on the influence of the two characters on the whole of Tang Law in the form of special regulations. In a word, the meaning, distribution and form of "all" and "each" are explained in detail, and explained through specific regulations, hoping to have a further understanding of the legislative words in "Tang Ru-Shu". It is important for us to have a better understanding of the whole frame structure of Tang Law Disorder, which is very important to clarify the historical status of Tang Law Disorder and to evaluate it correctly.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D929

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