宋代直诉制度研究

发布时间：2018-02-06 05:20

本文关键词： 宋代直诉制度人文精神　出处：《上海师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：宋代直诉制度是司法制度中的一环,其存在有合理性和重要性,是中国法制发展史中的珍贵遗产,对宋代直诉制度的研究,为法制的发展和完善必然有着其自身的价值。宋代经济高度发达,封建经济依然繁荣,工商业元素也开始孕育,已经有近代商品经济的雏形。宋代的法制建设相对较为完备,建立了上下相互监督的司法体制。可是在这种精心设立的司法制度中,仍然存在作为补充司法制度缺失的直诉制度,究其原因,一方面是宋代这种法律体制自身存在弊端,过犹不及的后果;另一方面,宋代统治者重视法制建设,人文精神的统治理念渗透进入司法建制中,才有了宋代直诉制度在唐朝基础上的进一步完善发展。宋代经济的发展,促使宋朝百姓维护权利的意识开始觉醒,敢于反抗起来维护自身利益;多种因素的结合,使得宋代直诉制度更加完善,研究其背后成因,对当代的法制建设有些许借鉴意义。直诉制度是一种特殊的申诉制度,是直达天听的一种方式,是案情复杂以及蒙冤受害者,向最高统治者或者特殊机构,申诉冤情,获得公正的司法制度。直诉制度在西周时期就已有史料记载,“建路鼓于大寝之门外,而掌其政,以待达穷者遴令,闻鼓声,则速逆御仆与御庶子。”这是关于路鼓的最早的记载,是直诉制度最早的雏形。直诉制度从西周不断发展,到汉唐不断完善,宋代直诉制度可以说达到鼎峰时期,直至清代的终结,同时见证了中国法制的发展过程;作为古代司法制度的一部分,它的存在有利于维护封建统治者的统治,有利于体现统治者对百姓的“仁者之心”,更有利于补充司法制度中的缺失,形成完善的司法监督体制。而宋代相对健全的直诉制度,不论对当代的信访制度还是对现代的法制建设都有一定的借鉴意义。本文对宋代直诉制度的阐述主要有以下几部分:第一部分是研究背景和研究现状。第二部分是对宋代直诉制度的由来及表现形式进行介绍,在对宋代直诉制度的渊源进行了解之后,认识宋代直诉制度的分类及表现形式。第三部分是对宋代直诉制度进行梳理后,总结宋代直诉制度的特征,了解宋代直诉制度办案程序,从中总结出宋代直诉制度特有的制度特征。第四部分在对宋代直诉制度特征了解后,分析宋代直诉制度设立的成因以及评析其利弊,从而为当代信访制度建设提供些许借鉴。
[Abstract]:The system of direct litigation in Song Dynasty is a link in the judicial system, its existence is reasonable and important, and it is a precious heritage in the history of the development of Chinese legal system. For the development and improvement of the legal system must have its own value. The Song Dynasty economy is highly developed, feudal economy is still prosperous, the elements of industry and commerce began to breed. The legal construction of the Song Dynasty was relatively complete, and the judicial system of mutual supervision was established. However, in this carefully established judicial system. There still exists the system of direct action, which is lack of supplementary judicial system. On the one hand, the reason is that the legal system of the Song Dynasty has its own drawbacks and the consequences of overdoing it. On the other hand, the rulers of the Song Dynasty attached importance to the construction of legal system, and the ruling idea of humanistic spirit infiltrated into the judicial system. Only then did the Song Dynasty's direct litigation system further improve and develop on the basis of the Tang Dynasty, and the Song Dynasty's economic development. To promote the Song Dynasty people's awareness of safeguarding rights began to wake up, dare to stand up to defend their own interests; The combination of many factors makes the system of direct action in Song Dynasty more perfect. The study of the causes behind it has some reference significance for the construction of the contemporary legal system, which is a special appeal system. It is a direct way to listen to the day, is the case of complex and aggrieved victims, to the supreme ruler or special institutions, grievances, access to a just judicial system. The system has been recorded in the Western Zhou Dynasty. "build the road drum outside the door of the big bed, and take charge of its government, so as to reach the poor Lin Ling, heard the drum sound, it is quick to resist the imperial servant and imperial son." this is the earliest record of Lu Drum. From the Western Zhou Dynasty to the Han and Tang dynasties, the direct prosecution system of the Song Dynasty can be said to have reached the peak period, until the end of the Qing Dynasty, and witnessed the development of China's legal system at the same time. As part of the ancient judicial system, its existence is conducive to maintaining the rule of feudal rulers, to reflect the ruler's "benevolent heart" to the people, and to supplement the lack of the judicial system. Form a perfect judicial supervision system. And Song Dynasty relatively sound system of direct prosecution. There are some referential meanings to both the contemporary petition system and the modern legal system construction. This paper expounds the system of direct action in Song Dynasty mainly as follows:. The first part is the research background and the present situation. The second part is to introduce the origin and manifestation of the Song Dynasty direct litigation system. After understanding the origin of the system of direct action in Song Dynasty, we know the classification and manifestation of the system of direct action in Song Dynasty. The third part is to summarize the characteristics of the system of direct action in Song Dynasty after combing the system of direct action in Song Dynasty. Understand the Song Dynasty direct litigation system handling procedures, from which summed up the Song Dynasty direct litigation system unique system characteristics. 4th part of the Song Dynasty after the understanding of the system characteristics of direct action. This paper analyzes the causes of the establishment of the direct complaint system in the Song Dynasty and analyzes its advantages and disadvantages, thus providing some references for the construction of the contemporary petition system.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D929

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