少数民族习惯在行政诉讼中的作用、性质和使用指导原则

发布时间：2018-02-23 17:39

本文关键词： 少数民族习惯经验法则合理性评价证明必要性　出处：《湖北民族学院学报(哲学社会科学版)》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：少数民族习惯在行政诉讼中的身份是经验法则,其作用有三:事实推定、证据评价、行政行为合理性评价。少数民族习惯具有极强的地域性、模糊的活跃性、不确定的公众知悉性、涉及资源型权益等特点,结合行政诉讼的内在规律,在使用时应考虑影响其证明必要性的若干因素:习惯的提出主体、公众知悉程度、习惯在诉讼中所起的作用等。在用于评价行政行为合理性时,证明必要性与行政行为审查强度正相关,与提出主体、公众知悉程度负相关。在用于事实推定和证据评价时,要注意其是否对待证事实起决定性作用,及该事实对行政行为效力的作用。上述使用原则并非将少数民族习惯使用过程法定化,但可减轻自由心证的随意性和不确定性。另外,应加强少数民族地区及其上级法院法官对使用少数民族习惯的敏感度和业务能力,建立多样灵活的鉴定制度和对少数民族习惯错误使用的质疑纠错机制。
[Abstract]:The identity of minority customs in administrative litigation is the rule of thumb, which has three functions: the presumption of facts, the evaluation of evidence, and the evaluation of rationality of administrative behavior. Uncertain public knowledge, involving resource-based rights and interests, combined with the inherent law of administrative litigation, should consider several factors that affect the necessity of its proof: the subject of putting forward habits, the degree of public knowledge, and so on. When used to evaluate the rationality of administrative action, the necessity of proof is positively related to the intensity of administrative act review, and negatively related to the subject of presentation and the degree of public knowledge. Attention should be paid to whether or not it plays a decisive role in the treatment of evidence facts and its effect on the effectiveness of administrative acts. The above principles of use do not legalize the process of customary use of ethnic minorities, but can reduce the arbitrariness and uncertainty of evidence of freedom of mind... in addition, It is necessary to strengthen the sensitivity and professional ability of the judges in minority areas and their higher courts to use the customs of ethnic minorities, and to establish various and flexible appraisal systems and mechanisms for questioning and correcting the wrong use of minority customs.
【作者单位】：武汉大学法学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目“壮语与泰语谚语比较研究”(项目编号:13XYY021)
【分类号】：D920.4

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